Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring

In recent years, the measurement of dam displacements has benefited from a great improvement of existing technology, which has allowed a higher degree of automation. This has led to data collection with an improved temporal and spatial resolution. Robotic total stations and GNSS (Global Navigation S...

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Main Authors: Marco Scaioni, Maria Marsella, Michele Crosetto, Vincenza Tornatore, Jin Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018-10-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3682
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spelling doaj-7d4f02972ed54286809af610b13119302020-11-24T21:53:04ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-10-011811368210.3390/s18113682s18113682Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation MonitoringMarco Scaioni0Maria Marsella1Michele Crosetto2Vincenza Tornatore3Jin Wang4Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering (DABC), Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, ItalyDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Building Engineering (DICEA), Università degli Studi di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, 00184 Roma, ItalyDivision of Geomatics, Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC/CERCA), E-08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA), Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, ItalyBeijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaIn recent years, the measurement of dam displacements has benefited from a great improvement of existing technology, which has allowed a higher degree of automation. This has led to data collection with an improved temporal and spatial resolution. Robotic total stations and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) techniques, often in an integrated manner, may provide efficient solutions for measuring 3D displacements on precise locations on the outer surfaces of dams. On the other hand, remote-sensing techniques, such as terrestrial laser scanning, ground-based SAR (synthetic aperture radar) and satellite differential interferometric SAR offer the chance to extend the observed region to a large portion of a structure and its surrounding areas, integrating the information that is usually provided in a limited number of in-situ control points. The design and implementation of integrated monitoring systems have been revealed as a strategic solution to analyze different situations in a spatial and temporal context. Research devoted to the optimization of data processing tools has evolved with the aim of improving the accuracy and reliability of the measured deformations. The analysis of the observed data for the interpretation and prediction of dam deformations under external loads has been largely investigated on the basis of purely statistical or deterministic methods. The latter may integrate observation from geodetic, remote-sensing and geotechnical/structural sensors with mechanical models of the dam structure. In this paper, a review of the available technologies for dam deformation monitoring is provided, including those sensors that are already applied in routinary operations and some experimental solutions. The aim was to support people who are working in this field to have a complete view of existing solutions, as well as to understand future directions and trends.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3682damsdeformation measurementD-InSARGNSSground-based SARintegrated monitoring systemsterrestrial laser scanning
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Marco Scaioni
Maria Marsella
Michele Crosetto
Vincenza Tornatore
Jin Wang
spellingShingle Marco Scaioni
Maria Marsella
Michele Crosetto
Vincenza Tornatore
Jin Wang
Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring
Sensors
dams
deformation measurement
D-InSAR
GNSS
ground-based SAR
integrated monitoring systems
terrestrial laser scanning
author_facet Marco Scaioni
Maria Marsella
Michele Crosetto
Vincenza Tornatore
Jin Wang
author_sort Marco Scaioni
title Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring
title_short Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring
title_full Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring
title_fullStr Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring
title_full_unstemmed Geodetic and Remote-Sensing Sensors for Dam Deformation Monitoring
title_sort geodetic and remote-sensing sensors for dam deformation monitoring
publisher MDPI AG
series Sensors
issn 1424-8220
publishDate 2018-10-01
description In recent years, the measurement of dam displacements has benefited from a great improvement of existing technology, which has allowed a higher degree of automation. This has led to data collection with an improved temporal and spatial resolution. Robotic total stations and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) techniques, often in an integrated manner, may provide efficient solutions for measuring 3D displacements on precise locations on the outer surfaces of dams. On the other hand, remote-sensing techniques, such as terrestrial laser scanning, ground-based SAR (synthetic aperture radar) and satellite differential interferometric SAR offer the chance to extend the observed region to a large portion of a structure and its surrounding areas, integrating the information that is usually provided in a limited number of in-situ control points. The design and implementation of integrated monitoring systems have been revealed as a strategic solution to analyze different situations in a spatial and temporal context. Research devoted to the optimization of data processing tools has evolved with the aim of improving the accuracy and reliability of the measured deformations. The analysis of the observed data for the interpretation and prediction of dam deformations under external loads has been largely investigated on the basis of purely statistical or deterministic methods. The latter may integrate observation from geodetic, remote-sensing and geotechnical/structural sensors with mechanical models of the dam structure. In this paper, a review of the available technologies for dam deformation monitoring is provided, including those sensors that are already applied in routinary operations and some experimental solutions. The aim was to support people who are working in this field to have a complete view of existing solutions, as well as to understand future directions and trends.
topic dams
deformation measurement
D-InSAR
GNSS
ground-based SAR
integrated monitoring systems
terrestrial laser scanning
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3682
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AT mariamarsella geodeticandremotesensingsensorsfordamdeformationmonitoring
AT michelecrosetto geodeticandremotesensingsensorsfordamdeformationmonitoring
AT vincenzatornatore geodeticandremotesensingsensorsfordamdeformationmonitoring
AT jinwang geodeticandremotesensingsensorsfordamdeformationmonitoring
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