The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes Virulence
Phytopathogenic fungi need to secrete different hydrolytic enzymes to break down complex polysaccharides in the plant cell wall in order to enter the host and develop the disease. Fungi produce various types of cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) during infection. Most of the characterized CWDEs bel...
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doaj-7dfa4b4b21074a398577251ed7d22b6e2021-09-09T13:47:42ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-08-01229359935910.3390/ijms22179359The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes VirulenceVahideh Rafiei0Heriberto Vélëz1Georgios Tzelepis2Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Biocenter, Box 7026, SE-750 07 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Biocenter, Box 7026, SE-750 07 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Biocenter, Box 7026, SE-750 07 Uppsala, SwedenPhytopathogenic fungi need to secrete different hydrolytic enzymes to break down complex polysaccharides in the plant cell wall in order to enter the host and develop the disease. Fungi produce various types of cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) during infection. Most of the characterized CWDEs belong to glycoside hydrolases (GHs). These enzymes hydrolyze glycosidic bonds and have been identified in many fungal species sequenced to date. Many studies have shown that CWDEs belong to several GH families and play significant roles in the invasion and pathogenicity of fungi and oomycetes during infection on the plant host, but their mode of function in virulence is not yet fully understood. Moreover, some of the CWDEs that belong to different GH families act as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which trigger plant immune responses. In this review, we summarize the most important GHs that have been described in eukaryotic phytopathogens and are involved in the establishment of a successful infection.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/17/9359carbohydrate-active enzymescell wall degrading enzymespathogenicityphytopathogensplant–microbe interactions |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Vahideh Rafiei Heriberto Vélëz Georgios Tzelepis |
spellingShingle |
Vahideh Rafiei Heriberto Vélëz Georgios Tzelepis The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes Virulence International Journal of Molecular Sciences carbohydrate-active enzymes cell wall degrading enzymes pathogenicity phytopathogens plant–microbe interactions |
author_facet |
Vahideh Rafiei Heriberto Vélëz Georgios Tzelepis |
author_sort |
Vahideh Rafiei |
title |
The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes Virulence |
title_short |
The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes Virulence |
title_full |
The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes Virulence |
title_fullStr |
The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes Virulence |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes Virulence |
title_sort |
role of glycoside hydrolases in phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes virulence |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Phytopathogenic fungi need to secrete different hydrolytic enzymes to break down complex polysaccharides in the plant cell wall in order to enter the host and develop the disease. Fungi produce various types of cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) during infection. Most of the characterized CWDEs belong to glycoside hydrolases (GHs). These enzymes hydrolyze glycosidic bonds and have been identified in many fungal species sequenced to date. Many studies have shown that CWDEs belong to several GH families and play significant roles in the invasion and pathogenicity of fungi and oomycetes during infection on the plant host, but their mode of function in virulence is not yet fully understood. Moreover, some of the CWDEs that belong to different GH families act as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which trigger plant immune responses. In this review, we summarize the most important GHs that have been described in eukaryotic phytopathogens and are involved in the establishment of a successful infection. |
topic |
carbohydrate-active enzymes cell wall degrading enzymes pathogenicity phytopathogens plant–microbe interactions |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/17/9359 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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