Longer apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term HRV in obstructive sleep apnea
Abstract Low long-term heart rate variability (HRV), often observed in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, it is unclear how the type or duration of individual respiratory events modulate ultra-short-term HRV and beat-to-beat intervals...
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2020-12-01
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77780-x |
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doaj-7e8bad2d45434223bb7e2d4f91b8386c2020-12-13T12:31:37ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222020-12-0110111010.1038/s41598-020-77780-xLonger apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term HRV in obstructive sleep apneaSalla Hietakoste0Henri Korkalainen1Samu Kainulainen2Saara Sillanmäki3Sami Nikkonen4Sami Myllymaa5Brett Duce6Juha Töyräs7Timo Leppänen8Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern FinlandDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern FinlandDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern FinlandDiagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University HospitalDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern FinlandDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern FinlandSleep Disorders Centre, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Princess Alexandra HospitalDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern FinlandDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Eastern FinlandAbstract Low long-term heart rate variability (HRV), often observed in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, it is unclear how the type or duration of individual respiratory events modulate ultra-short-term HRV and beat-to-beat intervals (RR intervals). We aimed to examine the sex-specific changes in RR interval and ultra-short-term HRV during and after apneas and hypopneas of various durations. Electrocardiography signals, recorded as a part of clinical polysomnography, of 758 patients (396 men) with suspected OSA were analysed retrospectively. Average RR intervals and time-domain HRV parameters were determined during the respiratory event and the 15-s period immediately after the event. Parameters were analysed in three pooled sex-specific subgroups based on the respiratory event duration (10–20 s, 20–30 s, and > 30 s) separately for apneas and hypopneas. We observed that RR intervals shortened after the respiratory events and the magnitude of these changes increased in both sexes as the respiratory event duration increased. Furthermore, ultra-short-term HRV generally increased as the respiratory event duration increased. Apneas caused higher ultra-short-term HRV and a stronger decrease in RR interval compared to hypopneas. In conclusion, the respiratory event type and duration modulate ultra-short-term HRV and RR intervals. Considering HRV and the respiratory event characteristics in the diagnosis of OSA could be useful when assessing the cardiac consequences of OSA in a more detailed manner.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77780-x |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Salla Hietakoste Henri Korkalainen Samu Kainulainen Saara Sillanmäki Sami Nikkonen Sami Myllymaa Brett Duce Juha Töyräs Timo Leppänen |
spellingShingle |
Salla Hietakoste Henri Korkalainen Samu Kainulainen Saara Sillanmäki Sami Nikkonen Sami Myllymaa Brett Duce Juha Töyräs Timo Leppänen Longer apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term HRV in obstructive sleep apnea Scientific Reports |
author_facet |
Salla Hietakoste Henri Korkalainen Samu Kainulainen Saara Sillanmäki Sami Nikkonen Sami Myllymaa Brett Duce Juha Töyräs Timo Leppänen |
author_sort |
Salla Hietakoste |
title |
Longer apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term HRV in obstructive sleep apnea |
title_short |
Longer apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term HRV in obstructive sleep apnea |
title_full |
Longer apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term HRV in obstructive sleep apnea |
title_fullStr |
Longer apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term HRV in obstructive sleep apnea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Longer apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term HRV in obstructive sleep apnea |
title_sort |
longer apneas and hypopneas are associated with greater ultra-short-term hrv in obstructive sleep apnea |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
series |
Scientific Reports |
issn |
2045-2322 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Abstract Low long-term heart rate variability (HRV), often observed in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, it is unclear how the type or duration of individual respiratory events modulate ultra-short-term HRV and beat-to-beat intervals (RR intervals). We aimed to examine the sex-specific changes in RR interval and ultra-short-term HRV during and after apneas and hypopneas of various durations. Electrocardiography signals, recorded as a part of clinical polysomnography, of 758 patients (396 men) with suspected OSA were analysed retrospectively. Average RR intervals and time-domain HRV parameters were determined during the respiratory event and the 15-s period immediately after the event. Parameters were analysed in three pooled sex-specific subgroups based on the respiratory event duration (10–20 s, 20–30 s, and > 30 s) separately for apneas and hypopneas. We observed that RR intervals shortened after the respiratory events and the magnitude of these changes increased in both sexes as the respiratory event duration increased. Furthermore, ultra-short-term HRV generally increased as the respiratory event duration increased. Apneas caused higher ultra-short-term HRV and a stronger decrease in RR interval compared to hypopneas. In conclusion, the respiratory event type and duration modulate ultra-short-term HRV and RR intervals. Considering HRV and the respiratory event characteristics in the diagnosis of OSA could be useful when assessing the cardiac consequences of OSA in a more detailed manner. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77780-x |
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