Artificial Ventilation-Induced Acute Lung Lesion: Experimental, Morphological Study

• Main Authors: A. M. Golubev, V. V. Moroz, D. V. Lysenko, A. N. Kuzovlev, D. A. Ostapchenko
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Russian Academy of Medical Sciences 2006-08-01
• Series: Obŝaâ Reanimatologiâ
• Subjects: artificial ventilation-induced acute lung lesion
• Online Access: https://www.reanimatology.com/rmt/article/view/1115
• ISSN: 1813-9779; 2411-7110

Objective: to elucidate the pattern of morphological changes in the lung during artificial ventilation.Materials and methods. Experiments were carried out on 30 non-inbred albino male rats weighing 250—320 g. The anesthetized animals were ventilated for 1—4 hours by a TSE Animal Respirator at a flow of 0.6—4 l/min, a respiration rate of 60 min, a tidal volume of 10—12 ml, and a peak inspiratory pressure of 100—400 mm H2O. Artificial ventilation was not made in control animals. Following 1, 2, and 3 hours and 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 days, the anesthetized animals were withdrawn from the experiment through cardiac vascular fascicle ligation. Lung pieces were fixed in neural 4% formalin and embedded in paraffin. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and the periodic acid Schiff reaction was performed. Morphometric studies were conducted and the data were then statistically processed (Student’s t-test).Results. An hour after artificial ventilation, the interalveolar septa were thickened due to edema and cellular infiltration. There were microatelectases. The bronchioles were deformed; their lumens contained desquamated epithelium and mucus. The alveolar lumens contained red blood cells and macrophages. Perivascular connective tissue was edematous and exhibited epithelial desquamation. Later on, the observed changes increased. There were individual differences in the rate of morphological changes during artificial ventilation (AV).Conclusion. AV is followed by the development of structural changes that are typical of acute lung lesion.