In vitro trichomonocidal potency of Naja nigricollis and Bitis arietans snake venom

• Main Authors: Tijjani Sabiu Imam, Zainab Tukur, Aisha Abdullahi Bala, Nuraddeen Bello Ahmad, Adamu Yunusa Ugya
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Veterinary World 2021-02-01
• Series: International Journal of One Health
• Subjects: bitis arietans; naja nigricollis; trichomonas vaginalis; trichomonocidal activities
• Online Access: https://www.onehealthjournal.org/Vol.7/No.1/2.pdf

Background and Aim: Trichomonas vaginalis drug's limited efficacy and high toxicity, justify the need to explore other therapeutic agents, including animal toxins. In this study, the Naja nigricollis and Bitis arietans snake venoms were used to assess such trichomonocidal effect. Materials and Methods: The median lethal dose (LD50) value for both snake species was calculated by probit analysis using a statistical package for the sciences version 20.0 with an LD50 of 4.04 μg/mL for the N. nigricollis, and no mortality was observed in the B. arietans envenomed rats. Results: The trichomonocidal potency of the snake venom on T. vaginalis was evident with a growth inhibitory concentration of 89% with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.805 μg/mL in B. arietans while 95% for N. nigricollis at an IC50 of 0.411 μg/mL. Conclusion: The statistical analysis of one-way analysis of variance shows a significant difference (p<0.05) between the venoms and positive control group (p<0.001), and there is no significant difference between each venom and its varying concentration (p>0.05). As the least concentration can be useful, interestingly, there is no significant difference in the efficacy of N. nigricollis and B. arietans to T. vaginalis (p>0.05); as such, either of the venom can be used for the treatment of trichomoniasis.