Marine Sponge is a Promising Natural Source of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Scaffold
The current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 and named COVID-19 urgent the need for novel lead antiviral drugs. Recently, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of remdesivir as anti-SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir is a natural product-inspired nucleoside analogue with significant broa...
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doaj-7f8afbff489543a9a1832316c03232002021-05-17T09:48:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122021-05-011210.3389/fphar.2021.666664666664Marine Sponge is a Promising Natural Source of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ScaffoldAlshaimaa M. Hamoda0Alshaimaa M. Hamoda1Alshaimaa M. Hamoda2Bahgat Fayed3Bahgat Fayed4Naglaa S. Ashmawy5Naglaa S. Ashmawy6Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi7Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi8Rania Hamdy9Rania Hamdy10Sameh S. M. Soliman11Sameh S. M. Soliman12Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesCollege of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptResearch Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesChemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, EgyptResearch Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesFaculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptResearch Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesCollege of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesResearch Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesFaculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptResearch Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesCollege of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesThe current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 and named COVID-19 urgent the need for novel lead antiviral drugs. Recently, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of remdesivir as anti-SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir is a natural product-inspired nucleoside analogue with significant broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Nucleosides analogues from marine sponge including spongouridine and spongothymidine have been used as lead for the evolutionary synthesis of various antiviral drugs such as vidarabine and cytarabine. Furthermore, the marine sponge is a rich source of compounds with unique activities. Marine sponge produces classes of compounds that can inhibit the viral cysteine protease (Mpro) such as esculetin and ilimaquinone and human serine protease (TMPRSS2) such as pseudotheonamide C and D and aeruginosin 98B. Additionally, sponge-derived compounds such as dihydrogracilin A and avarol showed immunomodulatory activity that can target the cytokines storm. Here, we reviewed the potential use of sponge-derived compounds as promising therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. Despite the reported antiviral activity of isolated marine metabolites, structural modifications showed the importance in targeting and efficacy. On that basis, we are proposing a novel structure with bifunctional scaffolds and dual pharmacophores that can be superiorly employed in SARS-CoV-2 infection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.666664/fullCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2marine spongenucleoside analoguesMPROimmunomodulators |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Bahgat Fayed Bahgat Fayed Naglaa S. Ashmawy Naglaa S. Ashmawy Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi Rania Hamdy Rania Hamdy Sameh S. M. Soliman Sameh S. M. Soliman |
spellingShingle |
Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Bahgat Fayed Bahgat Fayed Naglaa S. Ashmawy Naglaa S. Ashmawy Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi Rania Hamdy Rania Hamdy Sameh S. M. Soliman Sameh S. M. Soliman Marine Sponge is a Promising Natural Source of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Scaffold Frontiers in Pharmacology COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 marine sponge nucleoside analogues MPRO immunomodulators |
author_facet |
Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Alshaimaa M. Hamoda Bahgat Fayed Bahgat Fayed Naglaa S. Ashmawy Naglaa S. Ashmawy Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi Rania Hamdy Rania Hamdy Sameh S. M. Soliman Sameh S. M. Soliman |
author_sort |
Alshaimaa M. Hamoda |
title |
Marine Sponge is a Promising Natural Source of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Scaffold |
title_short |
Marine Sponge is a Promising Natural Source of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Scaffold |
title_full |
Marine Sponge is a Promising Natural Source of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Scaffold |
title_fullStr |
Marine Sponge is a Promising Natural Source of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Scaffold |
title_full_unstemmed |
Marine Sponge is a Promising Natural Source of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Scaffold |
title_sort |
marine sponge is a promising natural source of anti-sars-cov-2 scaffold |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Pharmacology |
issn |
1663-9812 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
The current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 and named COVID-19 urgent the need for novel lead antiviral drugs. Recently, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of remdesivir as anti-SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir is a natural product-inspired nucleoside analogue with significant broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Nucleosides analogues from marine sponge including spongouridine and spongothymidine have been used as lead for the evolutionary synthesis of various antiviral drugs such as vidarabine and cytarabine. Furthermore, the marine sponge is a rich source of compounds with unique activities. Marine sponge produces classes of compounds that can inhibit the viral cysteine protease (Mpro) such as esculetin and ilimaquinone and human serine protease (TMPRSS2) such as pseudotheonamide C and D and aeruginosin 98B. Additionally, sponge-derived compounds such as dihydrogracilin A and avarol showed immunomodulatory activity that can target the cytokines storm. Here, we reviewed the potential use of sponge-derived compounds as promising therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. Despite the reported antiviral activity of isolated marine metabolites, structural modifications showed the importance in targeting and efficacy. On that basis, we are proposing a novel structure with bifunctional scaffolds and dual pharmacophores that can be superiorly employed in SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
topic |
COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 marine sponge nucleoside analogues MPRO immunomodulators |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.666664/full |
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