Evaluation of Risk Behavior in Gambling Addicted and Opioid Addicted Individuals

• Main Authors: Edward J. Gorzelańczyk, Piotr Walecki, Monika Błaszczyszyn, Ewa Laskowska, Aleksandra Kawala-Sterniuk
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-01
• Series: Frontiers in Neuroscience
• Subjects: addiction; methadone therapy; gambling; opioids; Iowa gamble task; cortico-subcortical loops
• Online Access: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2020.597524/full

Evidence suggests that both opioid addicted and gambling addicted individuals are characterized by higher levels of risky behavior in comparison to healthy people. It has been shown that the administration of substitution drugs can reduce cravings for opioids and the risky decisions made by individuals addicted to opioids. Although it is suggested that the neurobiological foundations of addiction are similar, it is possible that risk behaviors in opioid addicts may differ in detail from those addicted to gambling. The aim of this work was to compare the level of risk behavior in individuals addicted to opioid, with that of individuals addicted to gambling, using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). The score and response time during the task were measured. It was also observed, in the basis of the whole IGT test, that individuals addicted to gambling make riskier decisions in comparison to healthy individuals from the control group but less riskier decisions in comparison to individuals addicted to opioids, before administration of methadone and without any statistically significant difference after administration of methadone—as there has been growing evidence that methadone administration is strongly associated with a significant decrease in risky behavior.