Experimental Infections of Wild Birds with West Nile Virus
Avian models of West Nile virus (WNV) disease have become pivotal in the study of infection pathogenesis and transmission, despite the intrinsic constraints that represents this type of experimental research that needs to be conducted in biosecurity level 3 (BSL3) facilities. This review summarizes...
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Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/6/2/752 |
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doaj-808cf6661bd24b879aea6d64f3f832e32020-11-24T23:21:44ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152014-02-016275278110.3390/v6020752v6020752Experimental Infections of Wild Birds with West Nile VirusElisa Pérez-Ramírez0Francisco Llorente1Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero2Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Valdeolmos (Madrid), 28130, SpainCentro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Valdeolmos (Madrid), 28130, SpainCentro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Valdeolmos (Madrid), 28130, SpainAvian models of West Nile virus (WNV) disease have become pivotal in the study of infection pathogenesis and transmission, despite the intrinsic constraints that represents this type of experimental research that needs to be conducted in biosecurity level 3 (BSL3) facilities. This review summarizes the main achievements of WNV experimental research carried out in wild birds, highlighting advantages and limitations of this model. Viral and host factors that determine the infection outcome are analyzed in detail, as well as recent discoveries about avian immunity, viral transmission, and persistence achieved through experimental research. Studies of laboratory infections in the natural host will help to understand variations in susceptibility and reservoir competence among bird species, as well as in the epidemiological patterns found in different affected areas.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/6/2/752West Nile viruswild birdsexperimental infectionpathogenesistransmissionimmunityhost competence |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Elisa Pérez-Ramírez Francisco Llorente Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero |
spellingShingle |
Elisa Pérez-Ramírez Francisco Llorente Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero Experimental Infections of Wild Birds with West Nile Virus Viruses West Nile virus wild birds experimental infection pathogenesis transmission immunity host competence |
author_facet |
Elisa Pérez-Ramírez Francisco Llorente Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero |
author_sort |
Elisa Pérez-Ramírez |
title |
Experimental Infections of Wild Birds with West Nile Virus |
title_short |
Experimental Infections of Wild Birds with West Nile Virus |
title_full |
Experimental Infections of Wild Birds with West Nile Virus |
title_fullStr |
Experimental Infections of Wild Birds with West Nile Virus |
title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental Infections of Wild Birds with West Nile Virus |
title_sort |
experimental infections of wild birds with west nile virus |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2014-02-01 |
description |
Avian models of West Nile virus (WNV) disease have become pivotal in the study of infection pathogenesis and transmission, despite the intrinsic constraints that represents this type of experimental research that needs to be conducted in biosecurity level 3 (BSL3) facilities. This review summarizes the main achievements of WNV experimental research carried out in wild birds, highlighting advantages and limitations of this model. Viral and host factors that determine the infection outcome are analyzed in detail, as well as recent discoveries about avian immunity, viral transmission, and persistence achieved through experimental research. Studies of laboratory infections in the natural host will help to understand variations in susceptibility and reservoir competence among bird species, as well as in the epidemiological patterns found in different affected areas. |
topic |
West Nile virus wild birds experimental infection pathogenesis transmission immunity host competence |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/6/2/752 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT elisaperezramirez experimentalinfectionsofwildbirdswithwestnilevirus AT franciscollorente experimentalinfectionsofwildbirdswithwestnilevirus AT miguelangeljimenezclavero experimentalinfectionsofwildbirdswithwestnilevirus |
_version_ |
1725570294149545984 |