Association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study

Objectives: This study was conducted to explore the association of eating frequency (EF) with anthropometric indices and blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study was performed on a multi-stage sample of 14,880 students, aged 6–18 years, living i...

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Main Authors: Roya Kelishadi, Mostafa Qorbani, Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh, Ramin Heshmat, Gelayol Ardalan, Maryam Bahreynian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2016-03-01
Series:Jornal de Pediatria
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755716000036
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language English
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author Roya Kelishadi
Mostafa Qorbani
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh
Ramin Heshmat
Gelayol Ardalan
Maryam Bahreynian
spellingShingle Roya Kelishadi
Mostafa Qorbani
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh
Ramin Heshmat
Gelayol Ardalan
Maryam Bahreynian
Association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study
Jornal de Pediatria
author_facet Roya Kelishadi
Mostafa Qorbani
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh
Ramin Heshmat
Gelayol Ardalan
Maryam Bahreynian
author_sort Roya Kelishadi
title Association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study
title_short Association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study
title_full Association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study
title_fullStr Association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study
title_full_unstemmed Association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study
title_sort association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the caspian-iv study
publisher Elsevier
series Jornal de Pediatria
issn 0021-7557
publishDate 2016-03-01
description Objectives: This study was conducted to explore the association of eating frequency (EF) with anthropometric indices and blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study was performed on a multi-stage sample of 14,880 students, aged 6–18 years, living in 30 provinces in Iran. Parents were asked to report dietary intake of children as frequency of food groups and/or items. EF was defined as the sum of the daily consumption frequency of main meals and snacks. Association of EF with weight disorders, abdominal obesity, and elevated BP was assessed using different logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors. Results: Eating more frequently (≥6 vs. ≤3) was found among students who were at younger age (11.91 vs. 13.29 years) (p < 0.001). Students who reported an EF of 4 (OR: 0.67, CI: 0.57–0.79), 5 (OR: 0.74, CI: 0.62–0.87), and 6 (OR: 0.54, CI: 0.44–0.65) had lower odds of being obese compared to those who had EF ≤ 3. Having EF of 4 (OR: 0.82, CI: 0.71–0.94), 5 (OR: 0.86, CI: 0.74–0.99), and ≥6 (OR: 0.73, CI: 0.63–0.85) was related to lower prevalence of abdominal adiposity. Conclusion: Higher EF was associated with lower mean values of anthropometric and BP measures, as well as with lower prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity in children and adolescents. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of EF on body composition in the pediatric age group. Resumo: Objetivos: Este estudo foi realizado para explorar a associação da frequência de alimentação (FA) com índices antropométricos e pressão arterial (PA) em crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: Este estudo transversal nacional foi realizado em uma amostra de várias etapas de 14880 estudantes com idade entre 6 e 18 anos de 30 províncias do Irã. Foi pedido que os pais relatassem o consumo alimentar das crianças como a frequência de grupos e/ou itens alimentares. A FA foi definida como a soma da frequência de consumo diária das principais refeições e lanches. A associação entre FA e disfunções do peso, obesidade abdominal e PA elevada foi avaliada utilizando diferentes modelos de regressão logística ajustados pelos possíveis fatores de confusão. Resultados: Foi constatada uma alimentação mais frequente (≥ 6 comparação a ≤ 3) entre estudantes mais novos (11,91 em comparação a 13,29 anos) (P < 0,001). Estudantes que relataram 4 [Razão de chance (RC): 0,67; Intervalo de confiança (IC): 0,57-0,79], 5 (RC: 0,74; IC: 0,62-0,87) e 6 (RC: 0,54; IC: 0,44-0.65) refeições apresentaram menores chances de se tornarem obesos em comparação aos que apresentaram FAs ≤ 3. FA de 4 (RC: 0,82; IC: 0,71-0,94), 5 (RC: 0,86; IC: 0,74-0,99) e ≥ 6 (RC: 0,73; IC: 0,63-0,85) foi associada a menor prevalência de adiposidade abdominal. Conclusão: A FA mais alta foi associada à redução nos valores médios das medidas antropométricas e de PA, bem como à menor prevalência de obesidade generalizada e abdominal em crianças e adolescentes. São necessários estudos longitudinais para avaliar os efeitos de longo prazo da FA sobre a composição corporal na faixa etária pediátrica. Keywords: Eating frequency, Blood pressure, Anthropometric indices, Obesity, Children and adolescents, Palavras-chave: Frequência de alimentação, Pressão arterial, Índices antropométricos, Obesidade, Crianças e adolescentes
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755716000036
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spelling doaj-80ed75c45790484c9423f8f83a638e6b2020-11-24T21:24:31ZengElsevierJornal de Pediatria0021-75572016-03-01922156167Association of eating frequency with anthropometric indices and blood pressure in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV StudyRoya Kelishadi0Mostafa Qorbani1Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh2Ramin Heshmat3Gelayol Ardalan4Maryam Bahreynian5Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Community Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Pediatrics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranDepartment of Epidemiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Nutrition, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Corresponding author.Objectives: This study was conducted to explore the association of eating frequency (EF) with anthropometric indices and blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study was performed on a multi-stage sample of 14,880 students, aged 6–18 years, living in 30 provinces in Iran. Parents were asked to report dietary intake of children as frequency of food groups and/or items. EF was defined as the sum of the daily consumption frequency of main meals and snacks. Association of EF with weight disorders, abdominal obesity, and elevated BP was assessed using different logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors. Results: Eating more frequently (≥6 vs. ≤3) was found among students who were at younger age (11.91 vs. 13.29 years) (p < 0.001). Students who reported an EF of 4 (OR: 0.67, CI: 0.57–0.79), 5 (OR: 0.74, CI: 0.62–0.87), and 6 (OR: 0.54, CI: 0.44–0.65) had lower odds of being obese compared to those who had EF ≤ 3. Having EF of 4 (OR: 0.82, CI: 0.71–0.94), 5 (OR: 0.86, CI: 0.74–0.99), and ≥6 (OR: 0.73, CI: 0.63–0.85) was related to lower prevalence of abdominal adiposity. Conclusion: Higher EF was associated with lower mean values of anthropometric and BP measures, as well as with lower prevalence of generalized and abdominal obesity in children and adolescents. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of EF on body composition in the pediatric age group. Resumo: Objetivos: Este estudo foi realizado para explorar a associação da frequência de alimentação (FA) com índices antropométricos e pressão arterial (PA) em crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: Este estudo transversal nacional foi realizado em uma amostra de várias etapas de 14880 estudantes com idade entre 6 e 18 anos de 30 províncias do Irã. Foi pedido que os pais relatassem o consumo alimentar das crianças como a frequência de grupos e/ou itens alimentares. A FA foi definida como a soma da frequência de consumo diária das principais refeições e lanches. A associação entre FA e disfunções do peso, obesidade abdominal e PA elevada foi avaliada utilizando diferentes modelos de regressão logística ajustados pelos possíveis fatores de confusão. Resultados: Foi constatada uma alimentação mais frequente (≥ 6 comparação a ≤ 3) entre estudantes mais novos (11,91 em comparação a 13,29 anos) (P < 0,001). Estudantes que relataram 4 [Razão de chance (RC): 0,67; Intervalo de confiança (IC): 0,57-0,79], 5 (RC: 0,74; IC: 0,62-0,87) e 6 (RC: 0,54; IC: 0,44-0.65) refeições apresentaram menores chances de se tornarem obesos em comparação aos que apresentaram FAs ≤ 3. FA de 4 (RC: 0,82; IC: 0,71-0,94), 5 (RC: 0,86; IC: 0,74-0,99) e ≥ 6 (RC: 0,73; IC: 0,63-0,85) foi associada a menor prevalência de adiposidade abdominal. Conclusão: A FA mais alta foi associada à redução nos valores médios das medidas antropométricas e de PA, bem como à menor prevalência de obesidade generalizada e abdominal em crianças e adolescentes. São necessários estudos longitudinais para avaliar os efeitos de longo prazo da FA sobre a composição corporal na faixa etária pediátrica. Keywords: Eating frequency, Blood pressure, Anthropometric indices, Obesity, Children and adolescents, Palavras-chave: Frequência de alimentação, Pressão arterial, Índices antropométricos, Obesidade, Crianças e adolescenteshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755716000036