Fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse
Abstract Background Preparing multiple products from lignocellulosic biomass feedstock enhances the profit and sustainability of future biorefineries. Grasses are suitable feedstocks for biorefineries as they permit a variety of possible by-products due to their particular chemical characteristics a...
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doaj-8196a1c567b843d986552b497bc364482020-11-24T22:11:26ZengBMCBiotechnology for Biofuels1754-68342018-06-0111111210.1186/s13068-018-1155-3Fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasseFelipe A. M. Reinoso0Jorge Rencoret1Ana Gutiérrez2Adriane M. F. Milagres3José C. del Río4André Ferraz5Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São PauloInstituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, CSICInstituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, CSICDepartamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São PauloInstituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, CSICDepartamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São PauloAbstract Background Preparing multiple products from lignocellulosic biomass feedstock enhances the profit and sustainability of future biorefineries. Grasses are suitable feedstocks for biorefineries as they permit a variety of possible by-products due to their particular chemical characteristics and morphology. Elucidating the fate of p-hydroxycinnamates (ferulates—FAs and p-coumarates—pCAs) and major structural components during bioprocessing helps to discriminate the sources of recalcitrance in grasses and paves the way for the recovery of p-hydroxycinnamates, which have multiple applications. To address these subjects, we assessed sugarcane bagasse biorefining under alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical (AS-CTM) pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification. Results The mass balances of the major bagasse components were combined with 2D-NMR structural evaluation of process solids to advance our understanding of sugarcane bagasse changes during biorefining. AS-CTM pretreatment provided a high yield and thoroughly digestible substrates. The pretreated material was depleted in acetyl groups, but retained 62 and 79% of the original lignin and xylan, respectively. Forty percent of the total FAs and pCAs were also retained in pretreated material. After pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, the residual solids contained mostly lignin and ester-linked pCAs, with minor amounts of FAs and non-digested polysaccharides. Saponification of the residual solids, at a higher alkali load, cleaved all the ester linkages in the pCAs; nevertheless, a significant fraction of the pCAs remained attached to the saponified solids, probably to lignin, through 4-O ether-linkages. Conclusion AS-CTM pretreatment provided soundly digestible substrates, which retain substantial amounts of xylans and lignin. Acetyl groups were depleted, but 40% of the total FAs and pCAs remained in pretreated material. Ester-linked pCAs detected in pretreated material also resisted to the enzymatic hydrolysis step. Only a more severe saponification reaction cleaved ester linkages of pCAs from residual solids; nevertheless, pCAs remained attached to the core lignin through 4-O ether-linkages, suggesting the occurrence of an alkali-stable fraction of pCAs in sugarcane bagasse.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13068-018-1155-3GrassesSugarcaneRecalcitrancep-HydroxycinnamatesLigninHemicelluloses |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Felipe A. M. Reinoso Jorge Rencoret Ana Gutiérrez Adriane M. F. Milagres José C. del Río André Ferraz |
spellingShingle |
Felipe A. M. Reinoso Jorge Rencoret Ana Gutiérrez Adriane M. F. Milagres José C. del Río André Ferraz Fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse Biotechnology for Biofuels Grasses Sugarcane Recalcitrance p-Hydroxycinnamates Lignin Hemicelluloses |
author_facet |
Felipe A. M. Reinoso Jorge Rencoret Ana Gutiérrez Adriane M. F. Milagres José C. del Río André Ferraz |
author_sort |
Felipe A. M. Reinoso |
title |
Fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse |
title_short |
Fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse |
title_full |
Fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse |
title_fullStr |
Fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse |
title_sort |
fate of p-hydroxycinnamates and structural characteristics of residual hemicelluloses and lignin during alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Biotechnology for Biofuels |
issn |
1754-6834 |
publishDate |
2018-06-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Preparing multiple products from lignocellulosic biomass feedstock enhances the profit and sustainability of future biorefineries. Grasses are suitable feedstocks for biorefineries as they permit a variety of possible by-products due to their particular chemical characteristics and morphology. Elucidating the fate of p-hydroxycinnamates (ferulates—FAs and p-coumarates—pCAs) and major structural components during bioprocessing helps to discriminate the sources of recalcitrance in grasses and paves the way for the recovery of p-hydroxycinnamates, which have multiple applications. To address these subjects, we assessed sugarcane bagasse biorefining under alkaline-sulfite chemithermomechanical (AS-CTM) pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification. Results The mass balances of the major bagasse components were combined with 2D-NMR structural evaluation of process solids to advance our understanding of sugarcane bagasse changes during biorefining. AS-CTM pretreatment provided a high yield and thoroughly digestible substrates. The pretreated material was depleted in acetyl groups, but retained 62 and 79% of the original lignin and xylan, respectively. Forty percent of the total FAs and pCAs were also retained in pretreated material. After pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, the residual solids contained mostly lignin and ester-linked pCAs, with minor amounts of FAs and non-digested polysaccharides. Saponification of the residual solids, at a higher alkali load, cleaved all the ester linkages in the pCAs; nevertheless, a significant fraction of the pCAs remained attached to the saponified solids, probably to lignin, through 4-O ether-linkages. Conclusion AS-CTM pretreatment provided soundly digestible substrates, which retain substantial amounts of xylans and lignin. Acetyl groups were depleted, but 40% of the total FAs and pCAs remained in pretreated material. Ester-linked pCAs detected in pretreated material also resisted to the enzymatic hydrolysis step. Only a more severe saponification reaction cleaved ester linkages of pCAs from residual solids; nevertheless, pCAs remained attached to the core lignin through 4-O ether-linkages, suggesting the occurrence of an alkali-stable fraction of pCAs in sugarcane bagasse. |
topic |
Grasses Sugarcane Recalcitrance p-Hydroxycinnamates Lignin Hemicelluloses |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13068-018-1155-3 |
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