Biomedical Nanoparticles: Overview of Their Surface Immune-Compatibility
Diagnostic- and therapeutic release-aimed nanoparticles require the highest degree of biocompatibility. Some physical and chemical characteristics of such nanomaterials are often at odds with this requirement. For instance, metals with specific features used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance...
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doaj-81f2f7d9eeda43dea16a95d4e0bad7de2020-11-24T22:30:25ZengMDPI AGCoatings2079-64122014-02-014113915910.3390/coatings4010139coatings4010139Biomedical Nanoparticles: Overview of Their Surface Immune-CompatibilityOlimpia Gamucci0Alice Bertero1Mariacristina Gagliardi2Giuseppe Bardi3Center for MicroBioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, ItalyCenter for MicroBioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, ItalyCenter for MicroBioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, ItalyCenter for MicroBioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, ItalyDiagnostic- and therapeutic release-aimed nanoparticles require the highest degree of biocompatibility. Some physical and chemical characteristics of such nanomaterials are often at odds with this requirement. For instance, metals with specific features used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging need particular coatings to improve their blood solubility and increase their biocompatibility. Other examples come from the development of nanocarriers exploiting the different characteristics of two or more materials, i.e., the ability to encapsulate a certain drug by one core-material and the targeting capability of a different coating surface. Furthermore, all these “human-non-self” modifications necessitate proofs of compatibility with the immune system to avoid inflammatory reactions and resultant adverse effects for the patient. In the present review we discuss the molecular interactions and responses of the immune system to the principal nanoparticle surface modifications used in nanomedicine.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/4/1/139immune systemnanomaterialsimmunogenicityimmunotoxicitybiodistributionmononuclear phagocytic cellssurface modifications |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Olimpia Gamucci Alice Bertero Mariacristina Gagliardi Giuseppe Bardi |
spellingShingle |
Olimpia Gamucci Alice Bertero Mariacristina Gagliardi Giuseppe Bardi Biomedical Nanoparticles: Overview of Their Surface Immune-Compatibility Coatings immune system nanomaterials immunogenicity immunotoxicity biodistribution mononuclear phagocytic cells surface modifications |
author_facet |
Olimpia Gamucci Alice Bertero Mariacristina Gagliardi Giuseppe Bardi |
author_sort |
Olimpia Gamucci |
title |
Biomedical Nanoparticles: Overview of Their Surface Immune-Compatibility |
title_short |
Biomedical Nanoparticles: Overview of Their Surface Immune-Compatibility |
title_full |
Biomedical Nanoparticles: Overview of Their Surface Immune-Compatibility |
title_fullStr |
Biomedical Nanoparticles: Overview of Their Surface Immune-Compatibility |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biomedical Nanoparticles: Overview of Their Surface Immune-Compatibility |
title_sort |
biomedical nanoparticles: overview of their surface immune-compatibility |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Coatings |
issn |
2079-6412 |
publishDate |
2014-02-01 |
description |
Diagnostic- and therapeutic release-aimed nanoparticles require the highest degree of biocompatibility. Some physical and chemical characteristics of such nanomaterials are often at odds with this requirement. For instance, metals with specific features used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging need particular coatings to improve their blood solubility and increase their biocompatibility. Other examples come from the development of nanocarriers exploiting the different characteristics of two or more materials, i.e., the ability to encapsulate a certain drug by one core-material and the targeting capability of a different coating surface. Furthermore, all these “human-non-self” modifications necessitate proofs of compatibility with the immune system to avoid inflammatory reactions and resultant adverse effects for the patient. In the present review we discuss the molecular interactions and responses of the immune system to the principal nanoparticle surface modifications used in nanomedicine. |
topic |
immune system nanomaterials immunogenicity immunotoxicity biodistribution mononuclear phagocytic cells surface modifications |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/4/1/139 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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1725740935353991168 |