Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive Suspensions
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are based on successive material printing layer-by-layer and are considered suitable for the production of dosage forms customized for a patient’s needs. In this study, tablets of atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATH) have been successfully fabricated by a digi...
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doaj-823367eeb1904063895cb43d730eaa222020-11-25T03:46:12ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232020-08-011283383310.3390/pharmaceutics12090833Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive SuspensionsMirjana Krkobabić0Djordje Medarević1Nikola Pešić2Dragana Vasiljević3Branka Ivković4Svetlana Ibrić5Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, SerbiaThree-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are based on successive material printing layer-by-layer and are considered suitable for the production of dosage forms customized for a patient’s needs. In this study, tablets of atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATH) have been successfully fabricated by a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology. Initial materials were photoreactive suspensions, composed of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate 700 (PEGDA 700), poly(ethylene glycol) 400 (PEG 400), photoinitiator and suspended ATH. The amount of ATH was varied from 10.00 to 25.00% (<i>w/w</i>), and a range of doses from 12.21 to 40.07 mg has been achieved, indicating the possibility of personalized therapy. The rheological characteristics of all photoreactive suspensions were appropriate for the printing process, while the amount of the suspended particles in the photoreactive suspensions had an impact on the 3D printing process, as well as on mechanical and biopharmaceutical characteristics of tablets. Only the formulation with the highest content of ATH had significantly different tensile strength compared to other formulations. All tablets showed sustained drug release during at least the 8h. ATH crystals were observed with polarized light microscopy of photoreactive suspensions and the cross-sections of the tablets, while no interactions between ATH and polymers were detected by FT-IR spectroscopy.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/9/833three-dimensional (3D) printingdigital light processing (DLP)photopolymerizationphotoreactive suspensionspersonalized therapysustained release |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mirjana Krkobabić Djordje Medarević Nikola Pešić Dragana Vasiljević Branka Ivković Svetlana Ibrić |
spellingShingle |
Mirjana Krkobabić Djordje Medarević Nikola Pešić Dragana Vasiljević Branka Ivković Svetlana Ibrić Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive Suspensions Pharmaceutics three-dimensional (3D) printing digital light processing (DLP) photopolymerization photoreactive suspensions personalized therapy sustained release |
author_facet |
Mirjana Krkobabić Djordje Medarević Nikola Pešić Dragana Vasiljević Branka Ivković Svetlana Ibrić |
author_sort |
Mirjana Krkobabić |
title |
Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive Suspensions |
title_short |
Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive Suspensions |
title_full |
Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive Suspensions |
title_fullStr |
Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive Suspensions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive Suspensions |
title_sort |
digital light processing (dlp) 3d printing of atomoxetine hydrochloride tablets using photoreactive suspensions |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pharmaceutics |
issn |
1999-4923 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are based on successive material printing layer-by-layer and are considered suitable for the production of dosage forms customized for a patient’s needs. In this study, tablets of atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATH) have been successfully fabricated by a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology. Initial materials were photoreactive suspensions, composed of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate 700 (PEGDA 700), poly(ethylene glycol) 400 (PEG 400), photoinitiator and suspended ATH. The amount of ATH was varied from 10.00 to 25.00% (<i>w/w</i>), and a range of doses from 12.21 to 40.07 mg has been achieved, indicating the possibility of personalized therapy. The rheological characteristics of all photoreactive suspensions were appropriate for the printing process, while the amount of the suspended particles in the photoreactive suspensions had an impact on the 3D printing process, as well as on mechanical and biopharmaceutical characteristics of tablets. Only the formulation with the highest content of ATH had significantly different tensile strength compared to other formulations. All tablets showed sustained drug release during at least the 8h. ATH crystals were observed with polarized light microscopy of photoreactive suspensions and the cross-sections of the tablets, while no interactions between ATH and polymers were detected by FT-IR spectroscopy. |
topic |
three-dimensional (3D) printing digital light processing (DLP) photopolymerization photoreactive suspensions personalized therapy sustained release |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/9/833 |
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