Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment
Honey is becoming accepted as a reputable and effective therapeutic agent by practitioners of conventional medicine and by the general public. It has many biological activities and has been effectively used in the treatment of many diseases, e.g. gastrointestinal diseases, skin diseases, cancer, hea...
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doaj-82b677ae21ea4e0bb768e2c88ec9940c2020-11-25T00:36:14ZengElsevierSaudi Pharmaceutical Journal1319-01642018-11-01267932942Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessmentHaya I. Aljohar0Hadir M. Maher1Jawza Albaqami2Maha Al-Mehaizie3Rawan Orfali4Razan Orfali5Sarah Alrubia6College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, University of Alexandria, El-Messalah, Alexandria 21521, EgyptCollege of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi ArabiaHoney is becoming accepted as a reputable and effective therapeutic agent by practitioners of conventional medicine and by the general public. It has many biological activities and has been effectively used in the treatment of many diseases, e.g. gastrointestinal diseases, skin diseases, cancer, heart diseases, and neurological degeneration. Honey is an excellent source of energy containing mainly carbohydrates and water, as well as, small amounts of organic acids, vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, and enzymes. As a natural product with a relatively high price, honey has been for a long time a target for adulteration. The authenticity of honey is of great importance from commercial and health aspects. The study of the physical and chemical properties of honey has been increasingly applied as a certification process for the purpose of qualification of honey samples. The current work focusses on studying the authenticity of various types of honey sold in Riyadh market (24 samples). For this purpose, physical properties (pH, hydroxylmethylfurfural HMF, and pollen test) were measured. Besides, sugar composition was evaluated using Fehling test and an HPLC method. Elemental analysis was carried out using inductively coupled plasma (ICP). In addition, the presence of drug additives was assessed by means of GC–MS. The obtained results were compared with the Saudi Arabian standards, Codex Alimentarius Commission (2001), and harmonized methods of the international honey commission. Keywords: Honey, Adulteration, HPLC, GC–MS, ICP, Saudi markethttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319016418300938 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Haya I. Aljohar Hadir M. Maher Jawza Albaqami Maha Al-Mehaizie Rawan Orfali Razan Orfali Sarah Alrubia |
spellingShingle |
Haya I. Aljohar Hadir M. Maher Jawza Albaqami Maha Al-Mehaizie Rawan Orfali Razan Orfali Sarah Alrubia Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal |
author_facet |
Haya I. Aljohar Hadir M. Maher Jawza Albaqami Maha Al-Mehaizie Rawan Orfali Razan Orfali Sarah Alrubia |
author_sort |
Haya I. Aljohar |
title |
Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment |
title_short |
Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment |
title_full |
Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment |
title_fullStr |
Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the Saudi market: An important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment |
title_sort |
physical and chemical screening of honey samples available in the saudi market: an important aspect in the authentication process and quality assessment |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal |
issn |
1319-0164 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Honey is becoming accepted as a reputable and effective therapeutic agent by practitioners of conventional medicine and by the general public. It has many biological activities and has been effectively used in the treatment of many diseases, e.g. gastrointestinal diseases, skin diseases, cancer, heart diseases, and neurological degeneration. Honey is an excellent source of energy containing mainly carbohydrates and water, as well as, small amounts of organic acids, vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, and enzymes. As a natural product with a relatively high price, honey has been for a long time a target for adulteration. The authenticity of honey is of great importance from commercial and health aspects. The study of the physical and chemical properties of honey has been increasingly applied as a certification process for the purpose of qualification of honey samples. The current work focusses on studying the authenticity of various types of honey sold in Riyadh market (24 samples). For this purpose, physical properties (pH, hydroxylmethylfurfural HMF, and pollen test) were measured. Besides, sugar composition was evaluated using Fehling test and an HPLC method. Elemental analysis was carried out using inductively coupled plasma (ICP). In addition, the presence of drug additives was assessed by means of GC–MS. The obtained results were compared with the Saudi Arabian standards, Codex Alimentarius Commission (2001), and harmonized methods of the international honey commission. Keywords: Honey, Adulteration, HPLC, GC–MS, ICP, Saudi market |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319016418300938 |
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