The Short-Term Repeatability of Subdermal Electrical Stimulation for Sensory Feedback
Modern hand prostheses are used to restore the motor functions lost due to an amputation. However, the lack of sensory feedback remains a major challenge. Subdermal stimulation is a promising technique to restore tactile sensations when using prostheses, since it may overcome the disadvantages of su...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
IEEE
2020-01-01
|
Series: | IEEE Access |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9051664/ |
id |
doaj-82c394633a204d0a84113af676609d32 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-82c394633a204d0a84113af676609d322021-03-30T01:36:27ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362020-01-018639836399210.1109/ACCESS.2020.29845349051664The Short-Term Repeatability of Subdermal Electrical Stimulation for Sensory FeedbackJian Dong0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-0046Ernest Nlandu Kamavuako1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6846-2090Strahinja Dosen2Winnie Jensen3Bo Geng4Department of Health Science and Technology, Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DenmarkDepartment of Engineering, Centre for Robotics Research, King’s College London, London, U.K.Department of Health Science and Technology, Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DenmarkDepartment of Health Science and Technology, Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DenmarkDepartment of Health Science and Technology, Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DenmarkModern hand prostheses are used to restore the motor functions lost due to an amputation. However, the lack of sensory feedback remains a major challenge. Subdermal stimulation is a promising technique to restore tactile sensations when using prostheses, since it may overcome the disadvantages of surface electrodes without resorting to surgery that is required for a direct nerve interface. The present study evaluated the short-term repeatability of the perceptual properties of subdermal electrical stimulation over eight hours in healthy subjects and compared them to those of surface stimulation. Specifically, the detection threshold, pain threshold, dynamic range, just noticeable difference, resolution and quality of evoked sensations were tested and used for short-term repeatability evaluation. The results demonstrated that the detection threshold was more stable under subdermal stimulation, whereas the short-term repeatability of the pain threshold and just noticeable difference was better under surface stimulation. On the other hand, several psychometric parameters (dynamic range, resolution, sensation quality, intensity, and comfort) were equally stable and did not change significantly across sessions in either surface or subdermal stimulation. The subdermal stimulation was better localized and elicited fewer unwanted sensation modalities (p <; 0.05), whereas surface stimulation was characterized by a higher resolution (p <; 0.05). The results suggest that subdermal stimulation could be a viable alternative for the implementation of electro-tactile feedback as it generates sensations that are equally stable as in surface stimulation, and yet it has some important advantages for the practical applications (e.g., compact interface, permanent placement).https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9051664/Prosthesessensory feedbacksurface electrical stimulationsubdermal electrical stimulation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jian Dong Ernest Nlandu Kamavuako Strahinja Dosen Winnie Jensen Bo Geng |
spellingShingle |
Jian Dong Ernest Nlandu Kamavuako Strahinja Dosen Winnie Jensen Bo Geng The Short-Term Repeatability of Subdermal Electrical Stimulation for Sensory Feedback IEEE Access Prostheses sensory feedback surface electrical stimulation subdermal electrical stimulation |
author_facet |
Jian Dong Ernest Nlandu Kamavuako Strahinja Dosen Winnie Jensen Bo Geng |
author_sort |
Jian Dong |
title |
The Short-Term Repeatability of Subdermal Electrical Stimulation for Sensory Feedback |
title_short |
The Short-Term Repeatability of Subdermal Electrical Stimulation for Sensory Feedback |
title_full |
The Short-Term Repeatability of Subdermal Electrical Stimulation for Sensory Feedback |
title_fullStr |
The Short-Term Repeatability of Subdermal Electrical Stimulation for Sensory Feedback |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Short-Term Repeatability of Subdermal Electrical Stimulation for Sensory Feedback |
title_sort |
short-term repeatability of subdermal electrical stimulation for sensory feedback |
publisher |
IEEE |
series |
IEEE Access |
issn |
2169-3536 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
Modern hand prostheses are used to restore the motor functions lost due to an amputation. However, the lack of sensory feedback remains a major challenge. Subdermal stimulation is a promising technique to restore tactile sensations when using prostheses, since it may overcome the disadvantages of surface electrodes without resorting to surgery that is required for a direct nerve interface. The present study evaluated the short-term repeatability of the perceptual properties of subdermal electrical stimulation over eight hours in healthy subjects and compared them to those of surface stimulation. Specifically, the detection threshold, pain threshold, dynamic range, just noticeable difference, resolution and quality of evoked sensations were tested and used for short-term repeatability evaluation. The results demonstrated that the detection threshold was more stable under subdermal stimulation, whereas the short-term repeatability of the pain threshold and just noticeable difference was better under surface stimulation. On the other hand, several psychometric parameters (dynamic range, resolution, sensation quality, intensity, and comfort) were equally stable and did not change significantly across sessions in either surface or subdermal stimulation. The subdermal stimulation was better localized and elicited fewer unwanted sensation modalities (p <; 0.05), whereas surface stimulation was characterized by a higher resolution (p <; 0.05). The results suggest that subdermal stimulation could be a viable alternative for the implementation of electro-tactile feedback as it generates sensations that are equally stable as in surface stimulation, and yet it has some important advantages for the practical applications (e.g., compact interface, permanent placement). |
topic |
Prostheses sensory feedback surface electrical stimulation subdermal electrical stimulation |
url |
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9051664/ |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT jiandong theshorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT ernestnlandukamavuako theshorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT strahinjadosen theshorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT winniejensen theshorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT bogeng theshorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT jiandong shorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT ernestnlandukamavuako shorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT strahinjadosen shorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT winniejensen shorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback AT bogeng shorttermrepeatabilityofsubdermalelectricalstimulationforsensoryfeedback |
_version_ |
1724186681893978112 |