The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Rheumatic Heart Disease
The innate immune system is the first line of host defense against infection and is comprised of humoral and cellular mechanisms that recognize potential pathogens within minutes or hours of entry. The effector components of innate immunity include epithelial barriers, phagocytes and natural killer...
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doaj-82c74309c44549d7a83251a77c07cad02020-11-24T21:12:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602015-01-01210.3389/fped.2014.00148110352The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Rheumatic Heart DiseaseMarcia Holsbach Beltrame0Sandra Jeremias Catarino1Isabela eGoeldner2Angelica Beate Winter Boldt3Iara eDe Messias Reason4Federal University of ParanáFederal University of ParanáFederal University of ParanáFederal University of ParanáFederal University of ParanáThe innate immune system is the first line of host defense against infection and is comprised of humoral and cellular mechanisms that recognize potential pathogens within minutes or hours of entry. The effector components of innate immunity include epithelial barriers, phagocytes and natural killer cells, as well as cytokines and the complement system. Complement plays an important role in the immediate response against microorganisms, including Streptococcus sp. The lectin pathway is one of three pathways by which the complement system can be activated. This pathway is initiated by the binding of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), collectin K-1 (CL-K1) and ficolins (Ficolin-1, Ficolin-2 and Ficolin-3) to microbial surface oligosaccharides and acetylated residues, respectively. Upon binding to target molecules, MBL, CL-K1 and ficolins form complexes with MBL-associated serine proteases 1 and 2 (MASP-1 and MASP-2), which cleave C4 and C2 forming the C3 convertase (C4b2a). Subsequent activation of complement cascade leads to opsonization, phagocytosis and lysis of target microorganisms through the formation of the membrane attack complex. In addition, activation of complement may induce several inflammatory effects, such as expression of adhesion molecules, chemotaxis and activation of leukocytes, release of reactive oxygen species and secretion of cytokines and chemokines. In this chapter, we review the general aspects of the structure, function and genetic polymorphism of lectin pathway components and discuss most recent understanding on the role of the lectin pathway in the predisposition and clinical progression of Rheumatic Fever (RF).http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fped.2014.00148/fullcomplement systemLectin pathwayMBLFicolinsgenes polymorphisms |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marcia Holsbach Beltrame Sandra Jeremias Catarino Isabela eGoeldner Angelica Beate Winter Boldt Iara eDe Messias Reason |
spellingShingle |
Marcia Holsbach Beltrame Sandra Jeremias Catarino Isabela eGoeldner Angelica Beate Winter Boldt Iara eDe Messias Reason The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Rheumatic Heart Disease Frontiers in Pediatrics complement system Lectin pathway MBL Ficolins genes polymorphisms |
author_facet |
Marcia Holsbach Beltrame Sandra Jeremias Catarino Isabela eGoeldner Angelica Beate Winter Boldt Iara eDe Messias Reason |
author_sort |
Marcia Holsbach Beltrame |
title |
The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Rheumatic Heart Disease |
title_short |
The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Rheumatic Heart Disease |
title_full |
The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Rheumatic Heart Disease |
title_fullStr |
The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Rheumatic Heart Disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Rheumatic Heart Disease |
title_sort |
lectin pathway of complement and rheumatic heart disease |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Pediatrics |
issn |
2296-2360 |
publishDate |
2015-01-01 |
description |
The innate immune system is the first line of host defense against infection and is comprised of humoral and cellular mechanisms that recognize potential pathogens within minutes or hours of entry. The effector components of innate immunity include epithelial barriers, phagocytes and natural killer cells, as well as cytokines and the complement system. Complement plays an important role in the immediate response against microorganisms, including Streptococcus sp. The lectin pathway is one of three pathways by which the complement system can be activated. This pathway is initiated by the binding of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), collectin K-1 (CL-K1) and ficolins (Ficolin-1, Ficolin-2 and Ficolin-3) to microbial surface oligosaccharides and acetylated residues, respectively. Upon binding to target molecules, MBL, CL-K1 and ficolins form complexes with MBL-associated serine proteases 1 and 2 (MASP-1 and MASP-2), which cleave C4 and C2 forming the C3 convertase (C4b2a). Subsequent activation of complement cascade leads to opsonization, phagocytosis and lysis of target microorganisms through the formation of the membrane attack complex. In addition, activation of complement may induce several inflammatory effects, such as expression of adhesion molecules, chemotaxis and activation of leukocytes, release of reactive oxygen species and secretion of cytokines and chemokines. In this chapter, we review the general aspects of the structure, function and genetic polymorphism of lectin pathway components and discuss most recent understanding on the role of the lectin pathway in the predisposition and clinical progression of Rheumatic Fever (RF). |
topic |
complement system Lectin pathway MBL Ficolins genes polymorphisms |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fped.2014.00148/full |
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