Comparing Cortical Plasticity Induced by Conventional and High-Definition 4 × 1 Ring tDCS: A Neurophysiological Study
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces long-lasting NMDA receptor-dependent cortical plasticity via persistent subthreshold polarization of neuronal membranes. Conventional bipolar tDCS is applied with two large (35 cm2) rectangular electrodes, resulting in directional mo...
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doaj-82e6d4c8cfa9469095dc117fcd280d342021-03-18T04:36:19ZengElsevierBrain Stimulation1935-861X2013-07-0164644648Comparing Cortical Plasticity Induced by Conventional and High-Definition 4 × 1 Ring tDCS: A Neurophysiological StudyHsiao-I. Kuo0Marom Bikson1Abhishek Datta2Preet Minhas3Walter Paulus4Min-Fang Kuo5Michael A. Nitsche6Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USADepartment of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 551399571; fax: +49 551398621.Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces long-lasting NMDA receptor-dependent cortical plasticity via persistent subthreshold polarization of neuronal membranes. Conventional bipolar tDCS is applied with two large (35 cm2) rectangular electrodes, resulting in directional modulation of neuronal excitability. Recently a newly designed 4 × 1 high-definition (HD) tDCS protocol was proposed for more focal stimulation according to the results of computational modeling. HD tDCS utilizes small disc electrodes deployed in 4 × 1 ring configuration whereby the physiological effects of the induced electric field are thought to be grossly constrained to the cortical area circumscribed by the ring. Objective: We aim to compare the physiological effects of both tDCS electrode arrangements on motor cortex excitability. Methods: tDCS was applied with 2 mA for 10 min. Fourteen healthy subjects participated, and motor cortex excitability was monitored by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) before and after tDCS. Results: Excitability enhancement following anodal and a respective reduction after cathodal stimulation occurred in both, conventional and HD tDCS. However, the plastic changes showed a more delayed peak at 30 min and longer lasting after-effects for more than 2 h after HD tDCS for both polarities, as compared to conventional tDCS. Conclusion: The results show that this new electrode arrangement is efficient for the induction of neuroplasticity in the primary motor cortex. The pattern of aftereffects might be compatible with the concept of GABA-mediated surround inhibition, which should be explored in future studies directly.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X12001830Transcranial direct current stimulationHigh definition tDCSHumanMotor cortexPlasticity |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hsiao-I. Kuo Marom Bikson Abhishek Datta Preet Minhas Walter Paulus Min-Fang Kuo Michael A. Nitsche |
spellingShingle |
Hsiao-I. Kuo Marom Bikson Abhishek Datta Preet Minhas Walter Paulus Min-Fang Kuo Michael A. Nitsche Comparing Cortical Plasticity Induced by Conventional and High-Definition 4 × 1 Ring tDCS: A Neurophysiological Study Brain Stimulation Transcranial direct current stimulation High definition tDCS Human Motor cortex Plasticity |
author_facet |
Hsiao-I. Kuo Marom Bikson Abhishek Datta Preet Minhas Walter Paulus Min-Fang Kuo Michael A. Nitsche |
author_sort |
Hsiao-I. Kuo |
title |
Comparing Cortical Plasticity Induced by Conventional and High-Definition 4 × 1 Ring tDCS: A Neurophysiological Study |
title_short |
Comparing Cortical Plasticity Induced by Conventional and High-Definition 4 × 1 Ring tDCS: A Neurophysiological Study |
title_full |
Comparing Cortical Plasticity Induced by Conventional and High-Definition 4 × 1 Ring tDCS: A Neurophysiological Study |
title_fullStr |
Comparing Cortical Plasticity Induced by Conventional and High-Definition 4 × 1 Ring tDCS: A Neurophysiological Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparing Cortical Plasticity Induced by Conventional and High-Definition 4 × 1 Ring tDCS: A Neurophysiological Study |
title_sort |
comparing cortical plasticity induced by conventional and high-definition 4 × 1 ring tdcs: a neurophysiological study |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Brain Stimulation |
issn |
1935-861X |
publishDate |
2013-07-01 |
description |
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces long-lasting NMDA receptor-dependent cortical plasticity via persistent subthreshold polarization of neuronal membranes. Conventional bipolar tDCS is applied with two large (35 cm2) rectangular electrodes, resulting in directional modulation of neuronal excitability. Recently a newly designed 4 × 1 high-definition (HD) tDCS protocol was proposed for more focal stimulation according to the results of computational modeling. HD tDCS utilizes small disc electrodes deployed in 4 × 1 ring configuration whereby the physiological effects of the induced electric field are thought to be grossly constrained to the cortical area circumscribed by the ring. Objective: We aim to compare the physiological effects of both tDCS electrode arrangements on motor cortex excitability. Methods: tDCS was applied with 2 mA for 10 min. Fourteen healthy subjects participated, and motor cortex excitability was monitored by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) before and after tDCS. Results: Excitability enhancement following anodal and a respective reduction after cathodal stimulation occurred in both, conventional and HD tDCS. However, the plastic changes showed a more delayed peak at 30 min and longer lasting after-effects for more than 2 h after HD tDCS for both polarities, as compared to conventional tDCS. Conclusion: The results show that this new electrode arrangement is efficient for the induction of neuroplasticity in the primary motor cortex. The pattern of aftereffects might be compatible with the concept of GABA-mediated surround inhibition, which should be explored in future studies directly. |
topic |
Transcranial direct current stimulation High definition tDCS Human Motor cortex Plasticity |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X12001830 |
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