Factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the Norwegian offender mental health and addiction (NorMA) study
Abstract Background Remarkably little is known about drug use during imprisonment, including whether it represents a continuation of pre-incarceration drug use, or whether prison is also a setting for drug use initiation. This paper aims to describe drug use among people in prison in Norway and inve...
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doaj-8349addf4df84f4a9eac91ee15ea57532020-11-25T03:01:16ZengBMCHealth & Justice2194-78992020-05-018111010.1186/s40352-020-00112-8Factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the Norwegian offender mental health and addiction (NorMA) studyAnne Bukten0Ingunn Olea Lund1Stuart A. Kinner2Eline Borger Rognli3Ingrid Amalia Havnes4Ashley Elizabeth Muller5Marianne Riksheim Stavseth6Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of OsloNorwegian Institute of Public HealthJustice Health Unit, Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Public Health, University of MelbourneSection for Clinical Addiction Research, Oslo University HospitalNational Advisory Unit on SUD treatment, Oslo University HospitalNorwegian Institute of Public HealthNorwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of OsloAbstract Background Remarkably little is known about drug use during imprisonment, including whether it represents a continuation of pre-incarceration drug use, or whether prison is also a setting for drug use initiation. This paper aims to describe drug use among people in prison in Norway and investigate risk factors associated with in-prison drug use. Methods We used data from the Norwegian Offender Mental Health and Addiction (NorMA) Study, a cross-sectional survey of 1499 individuals in Norwegian prisons. Respondents reported on drug use (narcotics and non-prescribed medications) both before and during imprisonment. We used multivariate logistic regression to investigate the associations between drug use in prison and demographics, previous drug use, mental health, and criminal activity. Results Sixty-five percent of respondents reported lifetime drug use, and about 50% reported daily use of drugs during the 6 months before incarceration. Thirty-five percent reported ever using drugs in prison, but initiation of drug used during incarceration was uncommon. In a multivariate model, factors independently associated with drug use in prison included lifetime number of drugs used (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.23; p < 0.001), daily drug use in the 6 months before imprisonment (aOR = 7.12; 95%CI 3.99–12.70; p < 0.001), and being intoxicated while committing the crime related to current imprisonment (aOR = 2.13; 95%CI 1.13–4.03; p = 0.020). Conclusions In-prison drug use is independently associated with high-risk drug use before imprisonment. To reduce drug use in prison, correctional services must systematically screen for pre-prison drug use and offer effective drug treatment for those in need.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40352-020-00112-8PrisonersDrug useSubstance use disordersHarm reductionTreatment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Anne Bukten Ingunn Olea Lund Stuart A. Kinner Eline Borger Rognli Ingrid Amalia Havnes Ashley Elizabeth Muller Marianne Riksheim Stavseth |
spellingShingle |
Anne Bukten Ingunn Olea Lund Stuart A. Kinner Eline Borger Rognli Ingrid Amalia Havnes Ashley Elizabeth Muller Marianne Riksheim Stavseth Factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the Norwegian offender mental health and addiction (NorMA) study Health & Justice Prisoners Drug use Substance use disorders Harm reduction Treatment |
author_facet |
Anne Bukten Ingunn Olea Lund Stuart A. Kinner Eline Borger Rognli Ingrid Amalia Havnes Ashley Elizabeth Muller Marianne Riksheim Stavseth |
author_sort |
Anne Bukten |
title |
Factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the Norwegian offender mental health and addiction (NorMA) study |
title_short |
Factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the Norwegian offender mental health and addiction (NorMA) study |
title_full |
Factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the Norwegian offender mental health and addiction (NorMA) study |
title_fullStr |
Factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the Norwegian offender mental health and addiction (NorMA) study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the Norwegian offender mental health and addiction (NorMA) study |
title_sort |
factors associated with drug use in prison – results from the norwegian offender mental health and addiction (norma) study |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Health & Justice |
issn |
2194-7899 |
publishDate |
2020-05-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Remarkably little is known about drug use during imprisonment, including whether it represents a continuation of pre-incarceration drug use, or whether prison is also a setting for drug use initiation. This paper aims to describe drug use among people in prison in Norway and investigate risk factors associated with in-prison drug use. Methods We used data from the Norwegian Offender Mental Health and Addiction (NorMA) Study, a cross-sectional survey of 1499 individuals in Norwegian prisons. Respondents reported on drug use (narcotics and non-prescribed medications) both before and during imprisonment. We used multivariate logistic regression to investigate the associations between drug use in prison and demographics, previous drug use, mental health, and criminal activity. Results Sixty-five percent of respondents reported lifetime drug use, and about 50% reported daily use of drugs during the 6 months before incarceration. Thirty-five percent reported ever using drugs in prison, but initiation of drug used during incarceration was uncommon. In a multivariate model, factors independently associated with drug use in prison included lifetime number of drugs used (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.23; p < 0.001), daily drug use in the 6 months before imprisonment (aOR = 7.12; 95%CI 3.99–12.70; p < 0.001), and being intoxicated while committing the crime related to current imprisonment (aOR = 2.13; 95%CI 1.13–4.03; p = 0.020). Conclusions In-prison drug use is independently associated with high-risk drug use before imprisonment. To reduce drug use in prison, correctional services must systematically screen for pre-prison drug use and offer effective drug treatment for those in need. |
topic |
Prisoners Drug use Substance use disorders Harm reduction Treatment |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40352-020-00112-8 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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