Increasing Trend of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation in a Referral Clinical Laboratory in South Korea
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections are increasing worldwide. We evaluated the annual trends of NTM isolation on acid-fast bacillus (AFB) culture, compared to that of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, and the distribution of NTM spe...
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doaj-83a26cba5bf34b33877c0e172d9950bf2021-07-23T13:53:05ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442021-07-015772072010.3390/medicina57070720Increasing Trend of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation in a Referral Clinical Laboratory in South KoreaYu-Mi Lee0Min-Jin Kim1Young-Jin Kim2Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, KoreaSeegene Medical Foundation, Seoul 04805, KoreaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Korea<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections are increasing worldwide. We evaluated the annual trends of NTM isolation on acid-fast bacillus (AFB) culture, compared to that of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, and the distribution of NTM species nationwide in South Korea. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The study was conducted in a diagnostic center that is a major referral laboratory for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and NTM in South Korea. All laboratory results of AFB culture from January 2014 to December 2019 were collected. All NTM identified were definitively identified to the species level. <i>Results</i>: A total of 345,871 tests were performed for the diagnosis of mycobacteria. The isolation rate of NTM and <i>M. tuberculosis</i> was 3.7% (12,969 cases) and 4.4% (15,081 cases), respectively. The annual isolation rate of NTM increased gradually from 2.7% in 2014 to 4.8% in 2019, whereas that of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> decreased from 6.2% to 3.3%. There were 4988 cases of NTM identified to the species level. <i>M. avium</i> complex (MAC) was the most common species isolated from pulmonary sites (59.8%), followed by <i>M. gordonae</i> (9.2%), <i>M. abscessus</i> (7.0%), and <i>M. fortuitum</i> (5.5%). Extrapulmonary NTM were identified in 29 cases (0.6%). MAC was also the most common NTM species isolated from extrapulmonary sites (65.5%), followed by <i>M. kansasii</i> (10.3%), <i>M. abscessus</i> (6.9%), and <i>M. fortuitum</i> (6.9%). <i>Conclusions</i>: The annual isolation rate of NTM has increased gradually, whereas that of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> has decreased. Follow-up studies of the increases in NTM identification and NTM infections in South Korea are needed.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/7/720isolationspeciesnontuberculous mycobacteriatuberculosislaboratoryKorea |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yu-Mi Lee Min-Jin Kim Young-Jin Kim |
spellingShingle |
Yu-Mi Lee Min-Jin Kim Young-Jin Kim Increasing Trend of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation in a Referral Clinical Laboratory in South Korea Medicina isolation species nontuberculous mycobacteria tuberculosis laboratory Korea |
author_facet |
Yu-Mi Lee Min-Jin Kim Young-Jin Kim |
author_sort |
Yu-Mi Lee |
title |
Increasing Trend of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation in a Referral Clinical Laboratory in South Korea |
title_short |
Increasing Trend of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation in a Referral Clinical Laboratory in South Korea |
title_full |
Increasing Trend of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation in a Referral Clinical Laboratory in South Korea |
title_fullStr |
Increasing Trend of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation in a Referral Clinical Laboratory in South Korea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Increasing Trend of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolation in a Referral Clinical Laboratory in South Korea |
title_sort |
increasing trend of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolation in a referral clinical laboratory in south korea |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Medicina |
issn |
1010-660X 1648-9144 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections are increasing worldwide. We evaluated the annual trends of NTM isolation on acid-fast bacillus (AFB) culture, compared to that of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, and the distribution of NTM species nationwide in South Korea. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The study was conducted in a diagnostic center that is a major referral laboratory for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and NTM in South Korea. All laboratory results of AFB culture from January 2014 to December 2019 were collected. All NTM identified were definitively identified to the species level. <i>Results</i>: A total of 345,871 tests were performed for the diagnosis of mycobacteria. The isolation rate of NTM and <i>M. tuberculosis</i> was 3.7% (12,969 cases) and 4.4% (15,081 cases), respectively. The annual isolation rate of NTM increased gradually from 2.7% in 2014 to 4.8% in 2019, whereas that of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> decreased from 6.2% to 3.3%. There were 4988 cases of NTM identified to the species level. <i>M. avium</i> complex (MAC) was the most common species isolated from pulmonary sites (59.8%), followed by <i>M. gordonae</i> (9.2%), <i>M. abscessus</i> (7.0%), and <i>M. fortuitum</i> (5.5%). Extrapulmonary NTM were identified in 29 cases (0.6%). MAC was also the most common NTM species isolated from extrapulmonary sites (65.5%), followed by <i>M. kansasii</i> (10.3%), <i>M. abscessus</i> (6.9%), and <i>M. fortuitum</i> (6.9%). <i>Conclusions</i>: The annual isolation rate of NTM has increased gradually, whereas that of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> has decreased. Follow-up studies of the increases in NTM identification and NTM infections in South Korea are needed. |
topic |
isolation species nontuberculous mycobacteria tuberculosis laboratory Korea |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/7/720 |
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