| Summary: | The development of a biocomposite polymeric system for the antibacterial coating of polypropylene mesh materials for hernia repair is reported. Coatings were constituted by a film of chitosan containing randomly dispersed poly(<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>,<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-lactide-<i>co</i>-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with chlorhexidine or rifampicin. The chlorhexidine-loaded system exhibited a burst release during the first day reaching the release of the loaded drug in three or four days, whereas rifampicin was gradually released for at least 11 days. Both antibacterial coated meshes were highly active against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (10<sup>6</sup> CFU/mL), displaying zones of inhibition that lasted for 7 days (chlorhexidine) or 14 days (rifampicin). Apparently, both systems inhibited bacterial growth in the surrounding environment, as well as avoided bacterial adhesion to the mesh surface. These polymeric coatings loaded with biodegradable nanoparticles containing antimicrobials effectively precluded bacterial colonization of the biomaterial. Both biocomposites showed adequate performance and thus could have potential application in the design of antimicrobial coatings for the prophylactic coating of polypropylene materials for hernia repair.
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