Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients

Background: The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with electroencephalography (EEG) allows for non-invasive investigation of cortical response and connectivity in human cortex. This study aimed to examine the amplitudes and latencies of each TMS-evoked potential (TEP) component...

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Main Authors: Yoshihiro Noda, Mera S. Barr, Reza Zomorrodi, Robin F. H. Cash, Pantelis Lioumis, Robert Chen, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Daniel M. Blumberger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-01-01
Series:Journal of Personalized Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/1/54
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spelling doaj-8468f59dd2fe4d6ea01e179220ff2ca82021-01-18T00:01:47ZengMDPI AGJournal of Personalized Medicine2075-44262021-01-0111545410.3390/jpm11010054Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia PatientsYoshihiro Noda0Mera S. Barr1Reza Zomorrodi2Robin F. H. Cash3Pantelis Lioumis4Robert Chen5Zafiris J. Daskalakis6Daniel M. Blumberger7Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, CanadaTemerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, CanadaMonash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University Central Clinical School and the Alfred, Melbourne 3004, AustraliaDepartment of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, FI-00076 Espoo, FinlandDivision of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour—Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, CA 92093, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, CanadaBackground: The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with electroencephalography (EEG) allows for non-invasive investigation of cortical response and connectivity in human cortex. This study aimed to examine the amplitudes and latencies of each TMS-evoked potential (TEP) component induced by single-pulse TMS (spTMS) to the left motor (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) among healthy young participants (YNG), older participants (OLD), and patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). Methods: We compared the spatiotemporal characteristics of TEPs induced by spTMS among the groups. Results: Compared to YNG, M1-spTMS induced lower amplitudes of N45 and P180 in OLD and a lower amplitude of P180 in SCZ, whereas the DLPFC-spTMS induced a lower N45 in OLD. Further, OLD demonstrated latency delays in P60 after M1-spTMS and in N45-P60 over the right central region after left DLPFC-spTMS, whereas SCZ demonstrated latency delays in N45-P60 over the midline and right central regions after DLPFC-spTMS. Conclusions: These findings suggest that inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms mediating TEPs may be altered in OLD and SCZ. The amplitude and latency changes of TEPs with spTMS may reflect underlying neurophysiological changes in OLD and SCZ, respectively. The spTMS administered to M1 and the DLPFC can probe cortical functions by examining TEPs. Thus, TMS-EEG can be used to study changes in cortical connectivity and signal propagation from healthy to pathological brains.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/1/54TMS-EEGTMS-evoked potentialsdorsolateral prefrontal cortexmotor cortexschizophrenia
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Yoshihiro Noda
Mera S. Barr
Reza Zomorrodi
Robin F. H. Cash
Pantelis Lioumis
Robert Chen
Zafiris J. Daskalakis
Daniel M. Blumberger
spellingShingle Yoshihiro Noda
Mera S. Barr
Reza Zomorrodi
Robin F. H. Cash
Pantelis Lioumis
Robert Chen
Zafiris J. Daskalakis
Daniel M. Blumberger
Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients
Journal of Personalized Medicine
TMS-EEG
TMS-evoked potentials
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
motor cortex
schizophrenia
author_facet Yoshihiro Noda
Mera S. Barr
Reza Zomorrodi
Robin F. H. Cash
Pantelis Lioumis
Robert Chen
Zafiris J. Daskalakis
Daniel M. Blumberger
author_sort Yoshihiro Noda
title Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients
title_short Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients
title_full Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients
title_fullStr Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients
title_full_unstemmed Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked Potential Amplitudes and Latencies in the Motor and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex among Young, Older Healthy Participants, and Schizophrenia Patients
title_sort single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked potential amplitudes and latencies in the motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex among young, older healthy participants, and schizophrenia patients
publisher MDPI AG
series Journal of Personalized Medicine
issn 2075-4426
publishDate 2021-01-01
description Background: The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with electroencephalography (EEG) allows for non-invasive investigation of cortical response and connectivity in human cortex. This study aimed to examine the amplitudes and latencies of each TMS-evoked potential (TEP) component induced by single-pulse TMS (spTMS) to the left motor (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) among healthy young participants (YNG), older participants (OLD), and patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). Methods: We compared the spatiotemporal characteristics of TEPs induced by spTMS among the groups. Results: Compared to YNG, M1-spTMS induced lower amplitudes of N45 and P180 in OLD and a lower amplitude of P180 in SCZ, whereas the DLPFC-spTMS induced a lower N45 in OLD. Further, OLD demonstrated latency delays in P60 after M1-spTMS and in N45-P60 over the right central region after left DLPFC-spTMS, whereas SCZ demonstrated latency delays in N45-P60 over the midline and right central regions after DLPFC-spTMS. Conclusions: These findings suggest that inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms mediating TEPs may be altered in OLD and SCZ. The amplitude and latency changes of TEPs with spTMS may reflect underlying neurophysiological changes in OLD and SCZ, respectively. The spTMS administered to M1 and the DLPFC can probe cortical functions by examining TEPs. Thus, TMS-EEG can be used to study changes in cortical connectivity and signal propagation from healthy to pathological brains.
topic TMS-EEG
TMS-evoked potentials
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
motor cortex
schizophrenia
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/1/54
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