Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver disease is one of the most prevalent forms of chronic liver disease that encompasses both alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are intermediate stages of ALD and NAFLD, which ca...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/hep4.1271 |
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doaj-85abbf7b4842492ea20a51778b5a78f22020-11-25T01:51:45ZengWileyHepatology Communications2471-254X2018-12-012121425143910.1002/hep4.1271Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver DiseaseCarmen García‐Ruiz0José C. Fernández‐Checa1Cell Death and Proliferation Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas Barcelona SpainCell Death and Proliferation Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas Barcelona SpainFatty liver disease is one of the most prevalent forms of chronic liver disease that encompasses both alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are intermediate stages of ALD and NAFLD, which can progress to more advanced forms, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxidative stress and particularly alterations in mitochondrial function are thought to play a significant role in both ASH and NASH and recognized to contribute to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as documented in experimental models. Despite the evidence of ROS generation, the therapeutic efficacy of treatment with antioxidants in patients with fatty liver disease has yielded poor results. Although oxidative stress is considered to be the disequilibrium between ROS and antioxidants, there is evidence that a subtle balance among antioxidants, particularly in mitochondria, is necessary to avoid the generation of ROS and hence oxidative stress. Conclusion: As mitochondria are a major source of ROS, the present review summarizes the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in ASH and NASH and presents emerging data indicating the need to preserve mitochondrial antioxidant balance as a potential approach for the treatment of human fatty liver disease, which may pave the way for the design of future trials to test the therapeutic role of antioxidants in fatty liver disease.https://doi.org/10.1002/hep4.1271 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Carmen García‐Ruiz José C. Fernández‐Checa |
spellingShingle |
Carmen García‐Ruiz José C. Fernández‐Checa Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease Hepatology Communications |
author_facet |
Carmen García‐Ruiz José C. Fernández‐Checa |
author_sort |
Carmen García‐Ruiz |
title |
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease |
title_short |
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease |
title_full |
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease |
title_fullStr |
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Balance in Fatty Liver Disease |
title_sort |
mitochondrial oxidative stress and antioxidants balance in fatty liver disease |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
Hepatology Communications |
issn |
2471-254X |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
Fatty liver disease is one of the most prevalent forms of chronic liver disease that encompasses both alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are intermediate stages of ALD and NAFLD, which can progress to more advanced forms, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxidative stress and particularly alterations in mitochondrial function are thought to play a significant role in both ASH and NASH and recognized to contribute to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as documented in experimental models. Despite the evidence of ROS generation, the therapeutic efficacy of treatment with antioxidants in patients with fatty liver disease has yielded poor results. Although oxidative stress is considered to be the disequilibrium between ROS and antioxidants, there is evidence that a subtle balance among antioxidants, particularly in mitochondria, is necessary to avoid the generation of ROS and hence oxidative stress. Conclusion: As mitochondria are a major source of ROS, the present review summarizes the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in ASH and NASH and presents emerging data indicating the need to preserve mitochondrial antioxidant balance as a potential approach for the treatment of human fatty liver disease, which may pave the way for the design of future trials to test the therapeutic role of antioxidants in fatty liver disease. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hep4.1271 |
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