Pengaruh Ekstraksi Zat Warna Alam dan Fiksasi Terhadap Ketahanan Luntur Warna pada Kain Batik Katun

• Main Author: Titiek Pujilestari
• Format: Article
• Language: Indonesian
• Published: Center For Handicraft And Batik, Ministry of Industry Republic of Indonesia 2016-04-01
• Series: Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik: Majalah Ilmiah
• Subjects: zat warna alam; ekstraksi; fiksasi; katun
• Online Access: http://ejournal.kemenperin.go.id/dkb/article/view/1058

<p><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong><br /><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Kain katun merupakan jenis kain yang terbuat dari serat kapas, mempunyai sifat mudah menyerap  bahan <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">alami maupun kimia dan banyak digunakan untuk bahan media batik. Telah dilakukan penelitian ekstraksi <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">pada lima jenis zat warna alam dengan menggunakan air. Variasi antara bahan pembawa zat warna dengan <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">air adalah 1 : 6 dan 1 : 8. Fiksasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan kapur, tunjung, tawas, campuran kapur <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">dengan tetes dan tanpa fiksasi. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan air pada <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">ekstraksi dan bahan fiksasi terhadap ketahanan luntur warna pada kain. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">ekstraksi zat warna alam dari daun indigo, daun mangga, kulit kayu nangka, kulit buah manggis dan biji <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">buah kesumba dengan menggunakan air sebanyak 6 dan 8 bagian, memberikan hasil yang tidak jauh <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">berbeda. Jenis zat warna alam dan bahan fiksasi yang diaplikasikan untuk pembatikan kain katun yang <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">memberikan ketahanan luntur baik adalah: kulit buah manggis dengan fiksasi kapur, tawas dan tanpa <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">fiksasi, biji buah kesumba/bixa dengan fiksasi tunjung dan tawas, kulit kayu nangka dengan fiksasi <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">tunjung, daun mangga dengan fiksasi tawas. Daun indigo mempunyai ketahanan luntur warna yang baik <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">sampai sangat baik terhadap pencucian, tetapi kurang baik sampai baik terhadap sinar terang hari. <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Penggunaan fiksasi campuran kapur dan tetes tebu menghasilkan ketahanan luntur warna pencucian dan <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">sinar terang hari lebih rendah dibanding fiksasi dengan kapur. Ketahanan luntur dari kelima zat warna alam <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">terhadap pencucian lebih baik dibanding ketahanan luntur terhadap sinar terang hari. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Kata kunci</strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">: zat warna alam, ekstraksi, fiksasi, katun</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><br /><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>The cotton fabric is a type of fabric made from cotton fiber, its easily absorbed material both natural and</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>chemical, and widely used as a material for batik.Research extraction of five types of natural dyes made</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>with a variety of colour materials carrier and the use of water is 1:6 and 1:8. Fixation of color on fabric</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>using lime, lotus, alum, lime mixtures with mollases and without fixation drops as controls. The study </em><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>aimed to determine the effect of the use of water in the extraction and fixation materials to color fastness</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>on batik cloth. Ekstraksi of natural dyes from indigo leaves, mango leaves, bark jack fruits, mangosteen</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>rind and fruit seeds kesumba (bixa) by using water as much as 6 and 8 sections, provide results that are not</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>much different. Types of natural dyes and materials that applied for fixation batik cotton fabric that</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>provides excellent fade resistance are : fixation mangosteen rind with lime, alum and without fixation,</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>fruit seeds kesumba/Bixa with lotus fixation and alum, jack fruit bark with lotus fixation, fixation mango</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>leaves with alum. Indigo leaves have good color fastness to washing, but less well against the bright light.</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>The use of fixation mixture of lime and molasses produces washing color fastness and light the light of day</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>is lower than fixation with lime. Fifth fastness of natural dyes to washing better fastness to light than the</em> <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>light of day.</em> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>natural dyes, extraction, fixation, cotton</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></p>