Copy number analysis of complement C4A, C4B and C4A silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Low protein levels and copy number variation (CNV) of the fourth component of human complement (C4A and C4B) have been associated with various diseases. High-throughput methods for analysing C4 CNV are available, but they commonly do not detect the most common C4A mutation, a silencing CT insertion...
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Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22737222/pdf/?tool=EBI |
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doaj-87857a72f2eb4b2baace1b45cd3508af2021-03-04T00:37:26ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032012-01-0176e3881310.1371/journal.pone.0038813Copy number analysis of complement C4A, C4B and C4A silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Riitta PaakkanenHanna VauhkonenKatja T EronenAsko JärvinenMikko SeppänenMarja-Liisa LokkiLow protein levels and copy number variation (CNV) of the fourth component of human complement (C4A and C4B) have been associated with various diseases. High-throughput methods for analysing C4 CNV are available, but they commonly do not detect the most common C4A mutation, a silencing CT insertion (CTins) leading to low protein levels. We developed a SYBR® Green labelled real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with a novel concentration range approach to address C4 CNV and deficiencies due to CTins. This method was validated in three sample sets and applied to over 1600 patient samples. CTins caused C4A deficiency in more than 70% (76/105) of the carriers. Twenty per cent (76/381) of patients with a C4A deficiency would have been erroneously recorded as having none, if the CTins had not been assessed. C4A deficiency was more common in patients than a healthy reference population, (OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.02-2.52, p = 0.039). The number of functional C4 genes can be straightforwardly analyzed by real-time qPCR, also with SYBR® Green labelling. Determination of CTins increases the frequency of C4A deficiency and thus helps to elucidate the genotypic versus phenotypic disease associations.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22737222/pdf/?tool=EBI |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Riitta Paakkanen Hanna Vauhkonen Katja T Eronen Asko Järvinen Mikko Seppänen Marja-Liisa Lokki |
spellingShingle |
Riitta Paakkanen Hanna Vauhkonen Katja T Eronen Asko Järvinen Mikko Seppänen Marja-Liisa Lokki Copy number analysis of complement C4A, C4B and C4A silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Riitta Paakkanen Hanna Vauhkonen Katja T Eronen Asko Järvinen Mikko Seppänen Marja-Liisa Lokki |
author_sort |
Riitta Paakkanen |
title |
Copy number analysis of complement C4A, C4B and C4A silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. |
title_short |
Copy number analysis of complement C4A, C4B and C4A silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. |
title_full |
Copy number analysis of complement C4A, C4B and C4A silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. |
title_fullStr |
Copy number analysis of complement C4A, C4B and C4A silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Copy number analysis of complement C4A, C4B and C4A silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. |
title_sort |
copy number analysis of complement c4a, c4b and c4a silencing mutation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2012-01-01 |
description |
Low protein levels and copy number variation (CNV) of the fourth component of human complement (C4A and C4B) have been associated with various diseases. High-throughput methods for analysing C4 CNV are available, but they commonly do not detect the most common C4A mutation, a silencing CT insertion (CTins) leading to low protein levels. We developed a SYBR® Green labelled real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with a novel concentration range approach to address C4 CNV and deficiencies due to CTins. This method was validated in three sample sets and applied to over 1600 patient samples. CTins caused C4A deficiency in more than 70% (76/105) of the carriers. Twenty per cent (76/381) of patients with a C4A deficiency would have been erroneously recorded as having none, if the CTins had not been assessed. C4A deficiency was more common in patients than a healthy reference population, (OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.02-2.52, p = 0.039). The number of functional C4 genes can be straightforwardly analyzed by real-time qPCR, also with SYBR® Green labelling. Determination of CTins increases the frequency of C4A deficiency and thus helps to elucidate the genotypic versus phenotypic disease associations. |
url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22737222/pdf/?tool=EBI |
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