Addressing biases in Arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the Community Land Model Version 5
<p>The Arctic–boreal zone (ABZ) is experiencing amplified warming, actively changing biogeochemical cycling of vegetation and soils. The land-to-atmosphere fluxes of <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> in the ABZ have the potential to increase i...
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doaj-87c17dbc8b09490fac4d7058eb4da8f02021-06-04T14:00:12ZengCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032021-06-01143361338210.5194/gmd-14-3361-2021Addressing biases in Arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the Community Land Model Version 5L. Birch0C. R. Schwalm1S. Natali2D. Lombardozzi3G. Keppel-Aleks4J. Watts5X. Lin6D. Zona7W. Oechel8T. Sachs9T. A. Black10B. M. Rogers11Woodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, MA, USAWoodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, MA, USAWoodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, MA, USANational Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USAUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAWoodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, MA, USAUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USASan Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USASan Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USAGFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, GermanyUniversity of BC, Vancouver, BC, CanadaWoodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, MA, USA<p>The Arctic–boreal zone (ABZ) is experiencing amplified warming, actively changing biogeochemical cycling of vegetation and soils. The land-to-atmosphere fluxes of <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> in the ABZ have the potential to increase in magnitude and feedback to the climate causing additional large-scale warming. The ability to model and predict this vulnerability is critical to preparation for a warming world, but Earth system models have biases that may hinder understanding of the rapidly changing ABZ carbon fluxes. Here we investigate circumpolar carbon cycling represented by the Community Land Model 5 (CLM5.0) with a focus on seasonal gross primary productivity (GPP) in plant functional types (PFTs). We benchmark model results using data from satellite remote sensing products and eddy covariance towers. We find consistent biases in CLM5.0 relative to observational constraints: (1) the onset of deciduous plant productivity to be late; (2) the offset of productivity to lag and remain abnormally high for all PFTs in fall; (3) a high bias of grass, shrub, and needleleaf evergreen tree productivity; and (4) an underestimation of productivity of deciduous trees. Based on these biases, we focus on model development of alternate phenology, photosynthesis schemes, and carbon allocation parameters at eddy covariance tower sites. Although our improvements are focused on productivity, our final model recommendation results in other component <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> fluxes, e.g., net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and terrestrial ecosystem respiration (TER), that are more consistent with observations. Results suggest that algorithms developed for lower latitudes and more temperate environments can be inaccurate when extrapolated to the ABZ, and that many land surface models may not accurately represent carbon cycling and its recent rapid changes in high-latitude ecosystems, especially when analyzed by individual PFTs.</p>https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/3361/2021/gmd-14-3361-2021.pdf |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
L. Birch C. R. Schwalm S. Natali D. Lombardozzi G. Keppel-Aleks J. Watts X. Lin D. Zona W. Oechel T. Sachs T. A. Black B. M. Rogers |
spellingShingle |
L. Birch C. R. Schwalm S. Natali D. Lombardozzi G. Keppel-Aleks J. Watts X. Lin D. Zona W. Oechel T. Sachs T. A. Black B. M. Rogers Addressing biases in Arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the Community Land Model Version 5 Geoscientific Model Development |
author_facet |
L. Birch C. R. Schwalm S. Natali D. Lombardozzi G. Keppel-Aleks J. Watts X. Lin D. Zona W. Oechel T. Sachs T. A. Black B. M. Rogers |
author_sort |
L. Birch |
title |
Addressing biases in Arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the Community Land Model Version 5 |
title_short |
Addressing biases in Arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the Community Land Model Version 5 |
title_full |
Addressing biases in Arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the Community Land Model Version 5 |
title_fullStr |
Addressing biases in Arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the Community Land Model Version 5 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Addressing biases in Arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the Community Land Model Version 5 |
title_sort |
addressing biases in arctic–boreal carbon cycling in the community land model version 5 |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
series |
Geoscientific Model Development |
issn |
1991-959X 1991-9603 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
<p>The Arctic–boreal zone (ABZ) is experiencing amplified warming, actively
changing biogeochemical cycling of vegetation and soils. The
land-to-atmosphere fluxes of <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> in the ABZ have the potential to
increase in magnitude and feedback to the climate causing additional large-scale warming. The ability to model and predict this vulnerability is critical
to preparation for a warming world, but Earth system models have biases that
may hinder understanding of the rapidly changing ABZ carbon fluxes. Here we
investigate circumpolar carbon cycling represented by the Community Land Model
5 (CLM5.0) with a focus on seasonal gross primary productivity (GPP) in plant
functional types (PFTs). We benchmark model results using data from satellite
remote sensing products and eddy covariance towers. We find consistent biases
in CLM5.0 relative to observational constraints: (1) the onset of deciduous
plant productivity to be late; (2) the offset of productivity to lag and
remain abnormally high for all PFTs in fall; (3) a high bias of grass, shrub,
and needleleaf evergreen tree productivity; and (4) an underestimation of
productivity of deciduous trees. Based on these biases, we focus on model
development of alternate phenology, photosynthesis schemes, and carbon
allocation parameters at eddy covariance tower sites. Although our
improvements are focused on productivity, our final model recommendation
results in other component <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> fluxes, e.g., net ecosystem exchange
(NEE) and terrestrial ecosystem respiration (TER), that are more consistent
with observations. Results suggest that algorithms developed for lower
latitudes and more temperate environments can be inaccurate when extrapolated
to the ABZ, and that many land surface models may not accurately represent
carbon cycling and its recent rapid changes in high-latitude ecosystems,
especially when analyzed by individual PFTs.</p> |
url |
https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/3361/2021/gmd-14-3361-2021.pdf |
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