Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossi

Abstract Background Saponins are the main constituents of genus Sapindus and have the therapeutic potential for inflammatory disorders. In this study the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic potential of the stem bark of soap nut (Sapindus mukorossi) methanol extract and its der...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Madeha Shah, Zahida Parveen, Muhammad Rashid Khan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2017-12-01
Series:BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-2042-3
id doaj-886b3dd4bc70462abdee010291703ed3
record_format Article
spelling doaj-886b3dd4bc70462abdee010291703ed32020-11-25T02:11:50ZengBMCBMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine1472-68822017-12-0117111610.1186/s12906-017-2042-3Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossiMadeha Shah0Zahida Parveen1Muhammad Rashid Khan2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam UniversityAbstract Background Saponins are the main constituents of genus Sapindus and have the therapeutic potential for inflammatory disorders. In this study the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic potential of the stem bark of soap nut (Sapindus mukorossi) methanol extract and its derived fractions has been investigated. Methods Powder of stem bark of the S. mukorossi was extracted with methanol (SMM) and fractionated in order of n-hexane (SMH), chloroform (SMC), ethyl acetate (SME), n-butanol (SMB) and the remaining as aqueous fraction (SMA). Quantitative estimation for the total phenolic and total flavonoid content was carried out in all the extract/fractions. Further, various in vitro antioxidant assays were also performed. Anti-inflammatory (Carrageenan induced paw edema), analgesic (hot plate latency test) and antipyretic (rectal temperature) were determined in Sprague-Dawley rat. Results Quantitative estimation of total phenolic contents in extract/fractions varied between 252.3 ± 2.41 mg of GAE/g - 594.16 ± 4.3 mg of GAE/g while the total flavonoids estimated were from 11.02 ± 1.3 mg of RUE/g to 96.9 ± 3.2 mg of RUE/g. Standard antioxidant assays such as scavenging of DPPH, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, phosphomolybdenum assay, reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching, iron chelation activity and inhibition of heat induced protein denaturation indicated the antioxidant potential of the extract/fractions. Carrageenan induced paw edema of rat was effectively inhibited by SMA at 300 mg/kg administration to rat (84.19 ± 1.48%) after 3 h and analgesia (latency time) in hot plate test (55.78 ± 1.22%) after 120 min. SMA at 300 mg/kg distinctly decreased the rectal temperature in brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) induced pyrexia in rat. Conclusion The resulted obtained in this study suggested the therapeutic importance of stem bark of S. mukorossi in inflammatory related disorders.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-2042-3Anti-inflammatoryAnalgesicAntipyreticAntioxidantSapindus mukorossi
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Madeha Shah
Zahida Parveen
Muhammad Rashid Khan
spellingShingle Madeha Shah
Zahida Parveen
Muhammad Rashid Khan
Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossi
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Anti-inflammatory
Analgesic
Antipyretic
Antioxidant
Sapindus mukorossi
author_facet Madeha Shah
Zahida Parveen
Muhammad Rashid Khan
author_sort Madeha Shah
title Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossi
title_short Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossi
title_full Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossi
title_fullStr Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossi
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossi
title_sort evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of sapindus mukorossi
publisher BMC
series BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
issn 1472-6882
publishDate 2017-12-01
description Abstract Background Saponins are the main constituents of genus Sapindus and have the therapeutic potential for inflammatory disorders. In this study the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic potential of the stem bark of soap nut (Sapindus mukorossi) methanol extract and its derived fractions has been investigated. Methods Powder of stem bark of the S. mukorossi was extracted with methanol (SMM) and fractionated in order of n-hexane (SMH), chloroform (SMC), ethyl acetate (SME), n-butanol (SMB) and the remaining as aqueous fraction (SMA). Quantitative estimation for the total phenolic and total flavonoid content was carried out in all the extract/fractions. Further, various in vitro antioxidant assays were also performed. Anti-inflammatory (Carrageenan induced paw edema), analgesic (hot plate latency test) and antipyretic (rectal temperature) were determined in Sprague-Dawley rat. Results Quantitative estimation of total phenolic contents in extract/fractions varied between 252.3 ± 2.41 mg of GAE/g - 594.16 ± 4.3 mg of GAE/g while the total flavonoids estimated were from 11.02 ± 1.3 mg of RUE/g to 96.9 ± 3.2 mg of RUE/g. Standard antioxidant assays such as scavenging of DPPH, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, phosphomolybdenum assay, reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching, iron chelation activity and inhibition of heat induced protein denaturation indicated the antioxidant potential of the extract/fractions. Carrageenan induced paw edema of rat was effectively inhibited by SMA at 300 mg/kg administration to rat (84.19 ± 1.48%) after 3 h and analgesia (latency time) in hot plate test (55.78 ± 1.22%) after 120 min. SMA at 300 mg/kg distinctly decreased the rectal temperature in brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) induced pyrexia in rat. Conclusion The resulted obtained in this study suggested the therapeutic importance of stem bark of S. mukorossi in inflammatory related disorders.
topic Anti-inflammatory
Analgesic
Antipyretic
Antioxidant
Sapindus mukorossi
url http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-2042-3
work_keys_str_mv AT madehashah evaluationofantioxidantantiinflammatoryanalgesicandantipyreticactivitiesofthestembarkofsapindusmukorossi
AT zahidaparveen evaluationofantioxidantantiinflammatoryanalgesicandantipyreticactivitiesofthestembarkofsapindusmukorossi
AT muhammadrashidkhan evaluationofantioxidantantiinflammatoryanalgesicandantipyreticactivitiesofthestembarkofsapindusmukorossi
_version_ 1724912265295036416