Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Proinflammatory counterworks are important at different stages of tumor development, particularly during invasion and metastasis. Immune cells and their signal molecules can influence all stages of tumor progression, as well as therapeutic intervention. Proinflammatory cytokines are known triggers...
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doaj-889d4916d8274f4db63164075cfa1ede2020-11-25T01:20:05ZengAssociation of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences1512-86011840-48122020-03-0110.17305/bjbms.2020.4471Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasmsDavorka Herman Mahečić0Maja Cigrovski Berković1Vanja Zjačić-Rotkvić2Tamara Čačev3Sanja Kapitanović4Monika Ulamec5Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Centre Sestre milosrdnice, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Centre Sestre milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Centre Sestre milosrdnice, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Molecular Medicine Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Molecular Medicine Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Pathology and Cytology Ljudevit Jurak, University Hospital Centre Sestre milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia; Pathology Department, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Proinflammatory counterworks are important at different stages of tumor development, particularly during invasion and metastasis. Immune cells and their signal molecules can influence all stages of tumor progression, as well as therapeutic intervention. Proinflammatory cytokines are known triggers of growth in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). In this study, we explored the immunohistochemical expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-2, and IL-6 in tissues from 43 GEP-NEN patients with tumors of gastric, duodenal, ileal, appendical, and colonic origin. The immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α was increased in tumor groups with high proliferation rates (Ki67; p = 0.034), as well as in those with higher tumor grades (p = 0.05). Moreover, the immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α positively correlated with death outcomes (p = 0.016). Expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-2 displayed similar immunohistochemical expression patterns regardless of Ki67, although the expression between the ILs differed. Most GEP-NENs had high levels of IL-6 and lower levels of IL-1β and IL-2. Although further comprehensive studies are required for a complete understanding of activated mechanisms in proinflammatory protumoral microenvironment of GEP-NENs, TNF-α is a potential marker in the prognosis of those tumors. http://bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/4471Inflammatory microenvironmentTNF-αIL-6IL-1βIL-2GEP-NEN |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Davorka Herman Mahečić Maja Cigrovski Berković Vanja Zjačić-Rotkvić Tamara Čačev Sanja Kapitanović Monika Ulamec |
spellingShingle |
Davorka Herman Mahečić Maja Cigrovski Berković Vanja Zjačić-Rotkvić Tamara Čačev Sanja Kapitanović Monika Ulamec Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences Inflammatory microenvironment TNF-α IL-6 IL-1β IL-2 GEP-NEN |
author_facet |
Davorka Herman Mahečić Maja Cigrovski Berković Vanja Zjačić-Rotkvić Tamara Čačev Sanja Kapitanović Monika Ulamec |
author_sort |
Davorka Herman Mahečić |
title |
Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms |
title_short |
Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms |
title_full |
Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms |
title_fullStr |
Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms |
title_sort |
inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms |
publisher |
Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
series |
Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences |
issn |
1512-8601 1840-4812 |
publishDate |
2020-03-01 |
description |
Proinflammatory counterworks are important at different stages of tumor development, particularly during invasion and metastasis. Immune cells and their signal molecules can influence all stages of tumor progression, as well as therapeutic intervention. Proinflammatory cytokines are known triggers of growth in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). In this study, we explored the immunohistochemical expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-2, and IL-6 in tissues from 43 GEP-NEN patients with tumors of gastric, duodenal, ileal, appendical, and colonic origin. The immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α was increased in tumor groups with high proliferation rates (Ki67; p = 0.034), as well as in those with higher tumor grades (p = 0.05). Moreover, the immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α positively correlated with death outcomes (p = 0.016). Expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-2 displayed similar immunohistochemical expression patterns regardless of Ki67, although the expression between the ILs differed. Most GEP-NENs had high levels of IL-6 and lower levels of IL-1β and IL-2. Although further comprehensive studies are required for a complete understanding of activated mechanisms in proinflammatory protumoral microenvironment of GEP-NENs, TNF-α is a potential marker in the prognosis of those tumors.
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topic |
Inflammatory microenvironment TNF-α IL-6 IL-1β IL-2 GEP-NEN |
url |
http://bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/4471 |
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