Exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensities
Abstract The optimal exercise intensity and modality for maximizing cerebral blood flow (CBF) and hence potential exposure to positive, hemodynamically derived cerebral adaptations is yet to be fully determined. This study compared CBF velocity responses between running and cycling across a range of...
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doaj-898c6be8bf234848afd3b2f4bca3cb502020-11-25T03:49:55ZengWileyPhysiological Reports2051-817X2020-08-01815n/an/a10.14814/phy2.14539Exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensitiesRhodri J. Furlong0Samuel R. Weaver1Rory Sutherland2Claire V. Burley3Gabriella M. Imi4Rebekah A. I. Lucas5Samuel J. E. Lucas6School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UKSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UKSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UKSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UKSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UKSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UKSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UKAbstract The optimal exercise intensity and modality for maximizing cerebral blood flow (CBF) and hence potential exposure to positive, hemodynamically derived cerebral adaptations is yet to be fully determined. This study compared CBF velocity responses between running and cycling across a range of exercise intensities. Twenty‐six participants (12 females; age: 26 ± 8 years) completed four exercise sessions; two mode‐specific maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) tests, followed by (order randomized) two incremental exercise protocols (3‐min stages at 35%, 50%, 65%, 80%, 95% VO2max). Continuous measures of middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv), oxygen consumption, end‐tidal CO2 (PETCO2), and heart rate were obtained. Modality‐specific MCAv changes were observed for the whole group (interaction effect: p = .01). Exercise‐induced increases in MCAvmean during cycling followed an inverted‐U pattern, peaking at 65% VO2max (Δ12 ± 7 cm/s from rest), whereas MCAvmean during running increased linearly up to 95% VO2max (change from rest: Δ12 ± 13 vs. Δ7 ± 8 cm/s for running vs. cycling at 95% VO2max; p = .01). In contrast, both modalities had an inverted‐U pattern for PETCO2 changes, although peaked at different intensities (running: 50% VO2max, Δ6 ± 2 mmHg; cycling: 65% VO2max, Δ7 ± 2 mmHg; interaction effect: p = .01). Further subgroup analysis revealed that the running‐specific linear MCAvmean response was fitness dependent (Fitness*modality*intensity interaction effect: p = .04). Above 65% VO2max, fitter participants (n = 16; male > 45 mL/min/kg and female > 40 mL/min/kg) increased MCAvmean up to 95% VO2max, whereas in unfit participants (n = 7, male < mL/min/kg and female < 35 mL/min/kg) MCAvmean returned toward resting values. Findings demonstrate that modality‐ and fitness‐specific profiles for MCAvmean are seen at exercise intensities exceeding 65% VO2max.https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14539cerebral blood flowcerebrovascular adaptationexercise modalityhigh‐intensity exercise |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rhodri J. Furlong Samuel R. Weaver Rory Sutherland Claire V. Burley Gabriella M. Imi Rebekah A. I. Lucas Samuel J. E. Lucas |
spellingShingle |
Rhodri J. Furlong Samuel R. Weaver Rory Sutherland Claire V. Burley Gabriella M. Imi Rebekah A. I. Lucas Samuel J. E. Lucas Exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensities Physiological Reports cerebral blood flow cerebrovascular adaptation exercise modality high‐intensity exercise |
author_facet |
Rhodri J. Furlong Samuel R. Weaver Rory Sutherland Claire V. Burley Gabriella M. Imi Rebekah A. I. Lucas Samuel J. E. Lucas |
author_sort |
Rhodri J. Furlong |
title |
Exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensities |
title_short |
Exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensities |
title_full |
Exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensities |
title_fullStr |
Exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensities |
title_sort |
exercise‐induced elevations in cerebral blood velocity are greater in running compared to cycling at higher intensities |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
Physiological Reports |
issn |
2051-817X |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
Abstract The optimal exercise intensity and modality for maximizing cerebral blood flow (CBF) and hence potential exposure to positive, hemodynamically derived cerebral adaptations is yet to be fully determined. This study compared CBF velocity responses between running and cycling across a range of exercise intensities. Twenty‐six participants (12 females; age: 26 ± 8 years) completed four exercise sessions; two mode‐specific maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) tests, followed by (order randomized) two incremental exercise protocols (3‐min stages at 35%, 50%, 65%, 80%, 95% VO2max). Continuous measures of middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv), oxygen consumption, end‐tidal CO2 (PETCO2), and heart rate were obtained. Modality‐specific MCAv changes were observed for the whole group (interaction effect: p = .01). Exercise‐induced increases in MCAvmean during cycling followed an inverted‐U pattern, peaking at 65% VO2max (Δ12 ± 7 cm/s from rest), whereas MCAvmean during running increased linearly up to 95% VO2max (change from rest: Δ12 ± 13 vs. Δ7 ± 8 cm/s for running vs. cycling at 95% VO2max; p = .01). In contrast, both modalities had an inverted‐U pattern for PETCO2 changes, although peaked at different intensities (running: 50% VO2max, Δ6 ± 2 mmHg; cycling: 65% VO2max, Δ7 ± 2 mmHg; interaction effect: p = .01). Further subgroup analysis revealed that the running‐specific linear MCAvmean response was fitness dependent (Fitness*modality*intensity interaction effect: p = .04). Above 65% VO2max, fitter participants (n = 16; male > 45 mL/min/kg and female > 40 mL/min/kg) increased MCAvmean up to 95% VO2max, whereas in unfit participants (n = 7, male < mL/min/kg and female < 35 mL/min/kg) MCAvmean returned toward resting values. Findings demonstrate that modality‐ and fitness‐specific profiles for MCAvmean are seen at exercise intensities exceeding 65% VO2max. |
topic |
cerebral blood flow cerebrovascular adaptation exercise modality high‐intensity exercise |
url |
https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14539 |
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