Near full-length 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing revealed Asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated Queensland fruit fly larvae

Abstract Background Gut microbiota affects tephritid (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit fly development, physiology, behavior, and thus the quality of flies mass-reared for the sterile insect technique (SIT), a target-specific, sustainable, environmentally benign form of pest management. The Queensland fr...

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Main Authors: Ania T. Deutscher, Catherine M. Burke, Aaron E. Darling, Markus Riegler, Olivia L. Reynolds, Toni A. Chapman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2018-05-01
Series:Microbiome
Subjects:
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40168-018-0463-y
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spelling doaj-8a1121a9d4074bbc85797853511e38062020-11-25T01:54:32ZengBMCMicrobiome2049-26182018-05-016112210.1186/s40168-018-0463-yNear full-length 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing revealed Asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated Queensland fruit fly larvaeAnia T. Deutscher0Catherine M. Burke1Aaron E. Darling2Markus Riegler3Olivia L. Reynolds4Toni A. Chapman5Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural InstituteSchool of Life Sciences, University of Technology SydneyThe ithree institute, University of Technology SydneyHawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney UniversityBiosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural InstituteBiosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural InstituteAbstract Background Gut microbiota affects tephritid (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit fly development, physiology, behavior, and thus the quality of flies mass-reared for the sterile insect technique (SIT), a target-specific, sustainable, environmentally benign form of pest management. The Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Tephritidae), is a significant horticultural pest in Australia and can be managed with SIT. Little is known about the impacts that laboratory-adaptation (domestication) and mass-rearing have on the tephritid larval gut microbiome. Read lengths of previous fruit fly next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies have limited the resolution of microbiome studies, and the diversity within populations is often overlooked. In this study, we used a new near full-length (> 1300 nt) 16S rRNA gene amplicon NGS approach to characterize gut bacterial communities of individual B. tryoni larvae from two field populations (developing in peaches) and three domesticated populations (mass- or laboratory-reared on artificial diets). Results Near full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences were obtained for 56 B. tryoni larvae. OTU clustering at 99% similarity revealed that gut bacterial diversity was low and significantly lower in domesticated larvae. Bacteria commonly associated with fruit (Acetobacteraceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Leuconostocaceae) were detected in wild larvae, but were largely absent from domesticated larvae. However, Asaia, an acetic acid bacterium not frequently detected within adult tephritid species, was detected in larvae of both wild and domesticated populations (55 out of 56 larval gut samples). Larvae from the same single peach shared a similar gut bacterial profile, whereas larvae from different peaches collected from the same tree had different gut bacterial profiles. Clustering of the Asaia near full-length sequences at 100% similarity showed that the wild flies from different locations had different Asaia strains. Conclusions Variation in the gut bacterial communities of B. tryoni larvae depends on diet, domestication, and horizontal acquisition. Bacterial variation in wild larvae suggests that more than one bacterial species can perform the same functional role; however, Asaia could be an important gut bacterium in larvae and warrants further study. A greater understanding of the functions of the bacteria detected in larvae could lead to increased fly quality and performance as part of the SIT.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40168-018-0463-yDipteraTephritidaeBactrocera tryoniSterile insect techniqueHost–microbe interactionsInsect–microbe interactions
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Ania T. Deutscher
Catherine M. Burke
Aaron E. Darling
Markus Riegler
Olivia L. Reynolds
Toni A. Chapman
spellingShingle Ania T. Deutscher
Catherine M. Burke
Aaron E. Darling
Markus Riegler
Olivia L. Reynolds
Toni A. Chapman
Near full-length 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing revealed Asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated Queensland fruit fly larvae
Microbiome
Diptera
Tephritidae
Bactrocera tryoni
Sterile insect technique
Host–microbe interactions
Insect–microbe interactions
author_facet Ania T. Deutscher
Catherine M. Burke
Aaron E. Darling
Markus Riegler
Olivia L. Reynolds
Toni A. Chapman
author_sort Ania T. Deutscher
title Near full-length 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing revealed Asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated Queensland fruit fly larvae
title_short Near full-length 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing revealed Asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated Queensland fruit fly larvae
title_full Near full-length 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing revealed Asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated Queensland fruit fly larvae
title_fullStr Near full-length 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing revealed Asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated Queensland fruit fly larvae
title_full_unstemmed Near full-length 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing revealed Asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated Queensland fruit fly larvae
title_sort near full-length 16s rrna gene next-generation sequencing revealed asaia as a common midgut bacterium of wild and domesticated queensland fruit fly larvae
publisher BMC
series Microbiome
issn 2049-2618
publishDate 2018-05-01
description Abstract Background Gut microbiota affects tephritid (Diptera: Tephritidae) fruit fly development, physiology, behavior, and thus the quality of flies mass-reared for the sterile insect technique (SIT), a target-specific, sustainable, environmentally benign form of pest management. The Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Tephritidae), is a significant horticultural pest in Australia and can be managed with SIT. Little is known about the impacts that laboratory-adaptation (domestication) and mass-rearing have on the tephritid larval gut microbiome. Read lengths of previous fruit fly next-generation sequencing (NGS) studies have limited the resolution of microbiome studies, and the diversity within populations is often overlooked. In this study, we used a new near full-length (> 1300 nt) 16S rRNA gene amplicon NGS approach to characterize gut bacterial communities of individual B. tryoni larvae from two field populations (developing in peaches) and three domesticated populations (mass- or laboratory-reared on artificial diets). Results Near full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences were obtained for 56 B. tryoni larvae. OTU clustering at 99% similarity revealed that gut bacterial diversity was low and significantly lower in domesticated larvae. Bacteria commonly associated with fruit (Acetobacteraceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Leuconostocaceae) were detected in wild larvae, but were largely absent from domesticated larvae. However, Asaia, an acetic acid bacterium not frequently detected within adult tephritid species, was detected in larvae of both wild and domesticated populations (55 out of 56 larval gut samples). Larvae from the same single peach shared a similar gut bacterial profile, whereas larvae from different peaches collected from the same tree had different gut bacterial profiles. Clustering of the Asaia near full-length sequences at 100% similarity showed that the wild flies from different locations had different Asaia strains. Conclusions Variation in the gut bacterial communities of B. tryoni larvae depends on diet, domestication, and horizontal acquisition. Bacterial variation in wild larvae suggests that more than one bacterial species can perform the same functional role; however, Asaia could be an important gut bacterium in larvae and warrants further study. A greater understanding of the functions of the bacteria detected in larvae could lead to increased fly quality and performance as part of the SIT.
topic Diptera
Tephritidae
Bactrocera tryoni
Sterile insect technique
Host–microbe interactions
Insect–microbe interactions
url http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40168-018-0463-y
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