Exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in South and East Asia
<p>To improve poor air quality in Asia and inform effective emission-reduction strategies, it is vital to understand the contributions of different pollution sources and their associated human health burdens. In this study, we use the WRF-Chem regional atmospheric model to explore the air qual...
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doaj-8a206cc687344047a39a2981532aac0f2020-11-25T01:18:05ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242019-09-0119118871191010.5194/acp-19-11887-2019Exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in South and East AsiaC. L. Reddington0L. Conibear1C. Knote2B. J. Silver3Y. J. Li4C. K. Chan5S. R. Arnold6D. V. Spracklen7Institute for Climate & Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKInstitute for Climate & Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKMeteorological Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, GermanyInstitute for Climate & Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, ChinaSchool of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaInstitute for Climate & Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKInstitute for Climate & Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK<p>To improve poor air quality in Asia and inform effective emission-reduction strategies, it is vital to understand the contributions of different pollution sources and their associated human health burdens. In this study, we use the WRF-Chem regional atmospheric model to explore the air quality and human health benefits of eliminating emissions from six different anthropogenic sectors (transport, industry, shipping, electricity generation, residential combustion, and open biomass burning) over South and East Asia in 2014. We evaluate WRF-Chem against measurements from air quality monitoring stations across the region and find the model captures the spatial distribution and magnitude of PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2.5</sub></span> (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of no greater than 2.5 <span class="inline-formula">µ</span>m). We find that eliminating emissions from residential energy use, industry, or open biomass burning yields the largest reductions in population-weighted PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2.5</sub></span> concentrations across the region. The largest human health benefit is achieved by eliminating either residential or industrial emissions, averting 467 000 (95 % uncertainty interval (95UI): 409 000–542 000) or 283 000 (95UI: 226 000–358 000) annual premature mortalities, respectively, in India, China, and South-east Asia, with fire prevention averting 28 000 (95UI: 24 000–32 000) annual premature mortalities across the region. We compare our results to previous sector-specific emission studies. Across these studies, residential emissions are the dominant cause of particulate pollution in India, with a multi-model mean contribution of 42 % to population-weighted annual mean PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2.5</sub></span>. Residential and industrial emissions cause the dominant contributions in China, with multi-model mean contributions of 29 % for both sectors to population-weighted annual mean PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2.5</sub></span>. Future work should focus on identifying the most effective options within the residential, industrial, and open biomass-burning emission sectors to improve air quality across South and East Asia.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/11887/2019/acp-19-11887-2019.pdf |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
C. L. Reddington L. Conibear C. Knote B. J. Silver Y. J. Li C. K. Chan S. R. Arnold D. V. Spracklen |
spellingShingle |
C. L. Reddington L. Conibear C. Knote B. J. Silver Y. J. Li C. K. Chan S. R. Arnold D. V. Spracklen Exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in South and East Asia Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
author_facet |
C. L. Reddington L. Conibear C. Knote B. J. Silver Y. J. Li C. K. Chan S. R. Arnold D. V. Spracklen |
author_sort |
C. L. Reddington |
title |
Exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in South and East Asia |
title_short |
Exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in South and East Asia |
title_full |
Exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in South and East Asia |
title_fullStr |
Exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in South and East Asia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on PM<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in South and East Asia |
title_sort |
exploring the impacts of anthropogenic emission sectors on pm<sub>2.5</sub> and human health in south and east asia |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
series |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
issn |
1680-7316 1680-7324 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
<p>To improve poor air quality in Asia and inform effective
emission-reduction strategies, it is vital to understand the contributions
of different pollution sources and their associated human health burdens. In
this study, we use the WRF-Chem regional atmospheric model to explore the
air quality and human health benefits of eliminating emissions from six
different anthropogenic sectors (transport, industry, shipping, electricity
generation, residential combustion, and open biomass burning) over South and
East Asia in 2014. We evaluate WRF-Chem against measurements from air
quality monitoring stations across the region and find the model captures
the spatial distribution and magnitude of PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2.5</sub></span> (particulate matter
with an aerodynamic diameter of no greater than 2.5 <span class="inline-formula">µ</span>m). We find that
eliminating emissions from residential energy use, industry, or open biomass
burning yields the largest reductions in population-weighted PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2.5</sub></span>
concentrations across the region. The largest human health benefit is
achieved by eliminating either residential or industrial emissions, averting
467 000 (95 % uncertainty interval (95UI): 409 000–542 000) or 283 000
(95UI: 226 000–358 000) annual premature mortalities, respectively, in India,
China, and South-east Asia, with fire prevention averting 28 000 (95UI:
24 000–32 000) annual premature mortalities across the region. We compare
our results to previous sector-specific emission studies. Across these
studies, residential emissions are the dominant cause of particulate
pollution in India, with a multi-model mean contribution of 42 % to
population-weighted annual mean PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2.5</sub></span>. Residential and industrial
emissions cause the dominant contributions in China, with multi-model mean
contributions of 29 % for both sectors to population-weighted annual mean
PM<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2.5</sub></span>. Future work should focus on identifying the most effective
options within the residential, industrial, and open biomass-burning emission
sectors to improve air quality across South and East Asia.</p> |
url |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/11887/2019/acp-19-11887-2019.pdf |
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