A Panel of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals in Topical Ophthalmic Medications from the Drug Repurposing Approach during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era
<b> </b>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a global concern of public health caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its clinical manifestations are characterized by a heterogeneous group of symptoms and pictures (ranging from asymptomatic...
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doaj-8a9ae554fe9d4b26a94a699dfdbc22a42020-11-25T03:29:04ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-07-0192441244110.3390/jcm9082441A Panel of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals in Topical Ophthalmic Medications from the Drug Repurposing Approach during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 EraPietro Emanuele Napoli0Lorenzo Mangoni1Pietro Gentile2Mirco Braghiroli3Maurizio Fossarello4Clinica Oculistica, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, ItalyClinica Oculistica, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, ItalyClinica Oculistica, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, ItalyClinica Oculistica, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, ItalyClinica Oculistica, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy<b> </b>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a global concern of public health caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its clinical manifestations are characterized by a heterogeneous group of symptoms and pictures (ranging from asymptomatic to lethal courses). The prevalence of conjunctivitis in patients with COVID-19 is at present controversial. Although it has been reported that only 0.9% developed signs of conjunctivitis, other report indicates that up to 31.6% of hospitalized patients had conjunctivitis. Considering the widespread use of topical ophthalmic medications (e.g., eye drops) by the general population, for various reasons (e.g., artificial tears, anti-glaucoma medications, topical antibiotics, etc.), the existence of their side effects as antiviral action should be investigated in-depth because it could possibly explain the aforementioned controversial data and represent a potential antiviral treatment for SARS-CoV-2 replication/diffusion on the ocular surface. Here, we discuss and elucidate the antiviral side effect of many eye drops and ophthalmic ointments commonly used for others purposes, thus showing that these secondary effects (not to be confused with the ‘adverse effects’) might be of primary importance in a number of viral infections (e.g., those for which there is no validated treatment protocol), according to a drug repurposing approach. Some active ingredients or excipients described here have activity against other types of viruses, thus suggesting potential broad-spectrum applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/8/2441coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)coronavirussevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)eye droptherapytreatment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Pietro Emanuele Napoli Lorenzo Mangoni Pietro Gentile Mirco Braghiroli Maurizio Fossarello |
spellingShingle |
Pietro Emanuele Napoli Lorenzo Mangoni Pietro Gentile Mirco Braghiroli Maurizio Fossarello A Panel of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals in Topical Ophthalmic Medications from the Drug Repurposing Approach during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era Journal of Clinical Medicine coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) eye drop therapy treatment |
author_facet |
Pietro Emanuele Napoli Lorenzo Mangoni Pietro Gentile Mirco Braghiroli Maurizio Fossarello |
author_sort |
Pietro Emanuele Napoli |
title |
A Panel of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals in Topical Ophthalmic Medications from the Drug Repurposing Approach during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era |
title_short |
A Panel of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals in Topical Ophthalmic Medications from the Drug Repurposing Approach during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era |
title_full |
A Panel of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals in Topical Ophthalmic Medications from the Drug Repurposing Approach during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era |
title_fullStr |
A Panel of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals in Topical Ophthalmic Medications from the Drug Repurposing Approach during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Panel of Broad-Spectrum Antivirals in Topical Ophthalmic Medications from the Drug Repurposing Approach during and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era |
title_sort |
panel of broad-spectrum antivirals in topical ophthalmic medications from the drug repurposing approach during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 era |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Journal of Clinical Medicine |
issn |
2077-0383 |
publishDate |
2020-07-01 |
description |
<b> </b>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a global concern of public health caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its clinical manifestations are characterized by a heterogeneous group of symptoms and pictures (ranging from asymptomatic to lethal courses). The prevalence of conjunctivitis in patients with COVID-19 is at present controversial. Although it has been reported that only 0.9% developed signs of conjunctivitis, other report indicates that up to 31.6% of hospitalized patients had conjunctivitis. Considering the widespread use of topical ophthalmic medications (e.g., eye drops) by the general population, for various reasons (e.g., artificial tears, anti-glaucoma medications, topical antibiotics, etc.), the existence of their side effects as antiviral action should be investigated in-depth because it could possibly explain the aforementioned controversial data and represent a potential antiviral treatment for SARS-CoV-2 replication/diffusion on the ocular surface. Here, we discuss and elucidate the antiviral side effect of many eye drops and ophthalmic ointments commonly used for others purposes, thus showing that these secondary effects (not to be confused with the ‘adverse effects’) might be of primary importance in a number of viral infections (e.g., those for which there is no validated treatment protocol), according to a drug repurposing approach. Some active ingredients or excipients described here have activity against other types of viruses, thus suggesting potential broad-spectrum applications. |
topic |
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) eye drop therapy treatment |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/8/2441 |
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