| Summary: | Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) has attracted increasing attention as a candidate for the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) to convert anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> gas into fuels combined with storage of intermittent and renewable solar energy in forms of chemical bonds for closing the carbon cycle. However, pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> possesses a large band gap (3.2 eV), fast recombination of electrons and holes, and low selectivity for the photoreduction of CO<sub>2</sub>. Recently, considerable progress has been made in the improvement of the performance of TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction. In this review, we first discuss the fundamentals of and challenges in CO<sub>2</sub> photoreduction on TiO<sub>2</sub>-based catalysts. Next, the recently emerging progress and advances in TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructured and hybrid materials for overcoming the mentioned obstacles to achieve high light-harvesting capability, improved adsorption and activation of CO<sub>2</sub>, excellent photocatalytic activity, the ability to impede the recombination of electrons-holes pairs, and efficient suppression of hydrogen evolution are discussed. In addition, approaches and strategies for improvements in TiO<sub>2</sub>-based photocatalysts and their working mechanisms are thoroughly summarized and analyzed. Lastly, the current challenges and prospects of CO<sub>2</sub> photocatalytic reactions on TiO<sub>2</sub>-based catalysts are also presented.
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