Adjustment of Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with a Subsequent Heat Treatment
Medium manganese steels can exhibit both high strength and ductility due to transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), caused by metastable retained austenite, which in turn can be adjusted by intercritical annealing. This study addresses the laser additive processability and mechanical properties of...
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doaj-8b08f0826ee041f6bb0e584813d3b6a12021-06-30T23:19:59ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-06-01143081308110.3390/ma14113081Adjustment of Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with a Subsequent Heat TreatmentLena Heemann0Farhad Mostaghimi1Bernd Schob2Frank Schubert3Lothar Kroll4Volker Uhlenwinkel5Matthias Steinbacher6Anastasiya Toenjes7Axel von Hehl8Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering—IWT, Badgasteiner Str. 3, 28359 Bremen, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Materials Engineering—IWT, Badgasteiner Str. 3, 28359 Bremen, GermanyDepartment of Lightweight Structures and Polymer Technology, Technical University of Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Str. 31/33, 09126 Chemnitz, GermanyDepartment of Lightweight Structures and Polymer Technology, Technical University of Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Str. 31/33, 09126 Chemnitz, GermanyDepartment of Lightweight Structures and Polymer Technology, Technical University of Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Str. 31/33, 09126 Chemnitz, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Materials Engineering—IWT, Badgasteiner Str. 3, 28359 Bremen, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Materials Engineering—IWT, Badgasteiner Str. 3, 28359 Bremen, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Materials Engineering—IWT, Badgasteiner Str. 3, 28359 Bremen, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Materials Engineering—IWT, Badgasteiner Str. 3, 28359 Bremen, GermanyMedium manganese steels can exhibit both high strength and ductility due to transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), caused by metastable retained austenite, which in turn can be adjusted by intercritical annealing. This study addresses the laser additive processability and mechanical properties of the third-generation advanced high strength steels (AHSS) on the basis of medium manganese steel using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). For the investigations, an alloy with a manganese concentration of 5 wt.% was gas atomized and processed by LPBF. Intercritical annealing was subsequently performed at different temperatures (630 and 770 °C) and three annealing times (3, 10 and 60 min) to adjust the stability of the retained austenite. Higher annealing temperatures lead to lower yield strength but an increase in tensile strength due to a stronger work-hardening. The maximum elongation at fracture was approximately in the middle of the examined temperature field. The microstructure and properties of the alloy were further investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hardness measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and element mapping.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/3081additive manufacturingLPBFTRIPretained austenitemedium manganese steelintercritical annealing |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lena Heemann Farhad Mostaghimi Bernd Schob Frank Schubert Lothar Kroll Volker Uhlenwinkel Matthias Steinbacher Anastasiya Toenjes Axel von Hehl |
spellingShingle |
Lena Heemann Farhad Mostaghimi Bernd Schob Frank Schubert Lothar Kroll Volker Uhlenwinkel Matthias Steinbacher Anastasiya Toenjes Axel von Hehl Adjustment of Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with a Subsequent Heat Treatment Materials additive manufacturing LPBF TRIP retained austenite medium manganese steel intercritical annealing |
author_facet |
Lena Heemann Farhad Mostaghimi Bernd Schob Frank Schubert Lothar Kroll Volker Uhlenwinkel Matthias Steinbacher Anastasiya Toenjes Axel von Hehl |
author_sort |
Lena Heemann |
title |
Adjustment of Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with a Subsequent Heat Treatment |
title_short |
Adjustment of Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with a Subsequent Heat Treatment |
title_full |
Adjustment of Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with a Subsequent Heat Treatment |
title_fullStr |
Adjustment of Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with a Subsequent Heat Treatment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Adjustment of Mechanical Properties of Medium Manganese Steel Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion with a Subsequent Heat Treatment |
title_sort |
adjustment of mechanical properties of medium manganese steel produced by laser powder bed fusion with a subsequent heat treatment |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Medium manganese steels can exhibit both high strength and ductility due to transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), caused by metastable retained austenite, which in turn can be adjusted by intercritical annealing. This study addresses the laser additive processability and mechanical properties of the third-generation advanced high strength steels (AHSS) on the basis of medium manganese steel using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). For the investigations, an alloy with a manganese concentration of 5 wt.% was gas atomized and processed by LPBF. Intercritical annealing was subsequently performed at different temperatures (630 and 770 °C) and three annealing times (3, 10 and 60 min) to adjust the stability of the retained austenite. Higher annealing temperatures lead to lower yield strength but an increase in tensile strength due to a stronger work-hardening. The maximum elongation at fracture was approximately in the middle of the examined temperature field. The microstructure and properties of the alloy were further investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hardness measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and element mapping. |
topic |
additive manufacturing LPBF TRIP retained austenite medium manganese steel intercritical annealing |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/3081 |
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