Influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by Candida albicans recovered from Egyptian patients
Abstract Background Extracellular hydrolases (phospholipase, aspartyl protease and haemolysin) and biofilm production are considered as major virulence factors of the opportunistic pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. However, the impact of antifungal therapy on such virulence attributes is not well...
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doaj-8b2ae0ee7dc84dd68ef566bd61108c0e2020-11-25T02:47:52ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342019-01-011911910.1186/s12879-019-3685-0Influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by Candida albicans recovered from Egyptian patientsHoudaii H. El-Houssaini0Omnia M. Elnabawy1Hebatallah A. Nasser2Walid F. Elkhatib3Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable DevelopmentDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable DevelopmentDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams UniversityAbstract Background Extracellular hydrolases (phospholipase, aspartyl protease and haemolysin) and biofilm production are considered as major virulence factors of the opportunistic pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. However, the impact of antifungal therapy on such virulence attributes is not well investigated. The common antifungal agents may disturb the production of secreted hydrolases as well as biofilm formation. Accordingly, this study addressed the effect of subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of selected antifungal agents on some virulence factors of C. albicans clinical isolates. Methods C. albicans isolates (n = 32) were recovered from different clinical samples and their identification was confirmed to the species level. Antifungal susceptibility profiles of isolates were determined against (nystatin, fluconazole and micafungin) and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Virulence determinants comprising secreted hydrolases (phospholipase, aspartyl protease and haemolysin) and biofilm formation were investigated in the presence of the sub-MICs of the tested antifungal agents. Results Treatment of clinical C. albicans isolates with subinhibitory nystatin, fluconazole and micafungin concentrations significantly decreased production of extracellular hydrolases. Nystatin had the greatest inhibitory effect on phospholipase and aspartyl protease production. However, micafungin showed the highest reducing effect on the hemolytic activity of the treated clinical isolates. Moreover, nystatin and micafungin, but not fluconazole, had a noticeable significant impact on inhibiting biofilm formation of C. albicans clinical isolates. Conclusion Our findings highlighted the significant influences of commonly prescribed antifungal agents on some virulence factors of C. albicans. Accordingly, antifungal therapy may modulate key virulence attributes of C. albicans.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-019-3685-0VirulenceAntifungalsSubinhibitory concentrationsHydrolasesBiofilm |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Houdaii H. El-Houssaini Omnia M. Elnabawy Hebatallah A. Nasser Walid F. Elkhatib |
spellingShingle |
Houdaii H. El-Houssaini Omnia M. Elnabawy Hebatallah A. Nasser Walid F. Elkhatib Influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by Candida albicans recovered from Egyptian patients BMC Infectious Diseases Virulence Antifungals Subinhibitory concentrations Hydrolases Biofilm |
author_facet |
Houdaii H. El-Houssaini Omnia M. Elnabawy Hebatallah A. Nasser Walid F. Elkhatib |
author_sort |
Houdaii H. El-Houssaini |
title |
Influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by Candida albicans recovered from Egyptian patients |
title_short |
Influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by Candida albicans recovered from Egyptian patients |
title_full |
Influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by Candida albicans recovered from Egyptian patients |
title_fullStr |
Influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by Candida albicans recovered from Egyptian patients |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by Candida albicans recovered from Egyptian patients |
title_sort |
influence of subinhibitory antifungal concentrations on extracellular hydrolases and biofilm production by candida albicans recovered from egyptian patients |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1471-2334 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Extracellular hydrolases (phospholipase, aspartyl protease and haemolysin) and biofilm production are considered as major virulence factors of the opportunistic pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. However, the impact of antifungal therapy on such virulence attributes is not well investigated. The common antifungal agents may disturb the production of secreted hydrolases as well as biofilm formation. Accordingly, this study addressed the effect of subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of selected antifungal agents on some virulence factors of C. albicans clinical isolates. Methods C. albicans isolates (n = 32) were recovered from different clinical samples and their identification was confirmed to the species level. Antifungal susceptibility profiles of isolates were determined against (nystatin, fluconazole and micafungin) and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Virulence determinants comprising secreted hydrolases (phospholipase, aspartyl protease and haemolysin) and biofilm formation were investigated in the presence of the sub-MICs of the tested antifungal agents. Results Treatment of clinical C. albicans isolates with subinhibitory nystatin, fluconazole and micafungin concentrations significantly decreased production of extracellular hydrolases. Nystatin had the greatest inhibitory effect on phospholipase and aspartyl protease production. However, micafungin showed the highest reducing effect on the hemolytic activity of the treated clinical isolates. Moreover, nystatin and micafungin, but not fluconazole, had a noticeable significant impact on inhibiting biofilm formation of C. albicans clinical isolates. Conclusion Our findings highlighted the significant influences of commonly prescribed antifungal agents on some virulence factors of C. albicans. Accordingly, antifungal therapy may modulate key virulence attributes of C. albicans. |
topic |
Virulence Antifungals Subinhibitory concentrations Hydrolases Biofilm |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-019-3685-0 |
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