Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021
Yellow fever virus remains a major threat in low resource countries in South America and Africa despite the existence of an effective vaccine. In Senegal and particularly in the eastern part of the country, periodic sylvatic circulation has been demonstrated with varying degrees of impact on populat...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-07-01
|
Series: | Viruses |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/8/1475 |
id |
doaj-8b37b50341d04aef8a3e4b544aea5420 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-8b37b50341d04aef8a3e4b544aea54202021-08-26T14:26:36ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-07-01131475147510.3390/v13081475Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021Moussa Moïse Diagne0Marie Henriette Dior Ndione1Alioune Gaye2Mamadou Aliou Barry3Diawo Diallo4Amadou Diallo5Lusajo L. Mwakibete6Mamadou Diop7El Hadji Ndiaye8Vida Ahyong9Babacar Diouf10Moufid Mhamadi11Cheikh Tidiane Diagne12Fodé Danfakha13Boly Diop14Oumar Faye15Cheikh Loucoubar16Gamou Fall17Cristina M. Tato18Amadou Alpha Sall19Scott C. Weaver20Mawlouth Diallo21Ousmane Faye22Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalEpidemiology, Clinical Research and Data Science Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalEpidemiology, Clinical Research and Data Science Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalChan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USAEpidemiology, Clinical Research and Data Science Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalChan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USAZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalKedougou Medical Region, Ministry of Health, Kedougou 26005, SenegalPrevention Department, Ministry of Health, Dakar 220, SenegalVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalEpidemiology, Clinical Research and Data Science Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalChan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USAVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalWorld Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USAZoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalVirology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 220, SenegalYellow fever virus remains a major threat in low resource countries in South America and Africa despite the existence of an effective vaccine. In Senegal and particularly in the eastern part of the country, periodic sylvatic circulation has been demonstrated with varying degrees of impact on populations in perpetual renewal. We report an outbreak that occurred from October 2020 to February 2021 in eastern Senegal, notified and managed through the synergistic effort yellow fever national surveillance implemented by the Senegalese Ministry of Health in collaboration with the World Health Organization, the countrywide 4S network set up by the Ministry of Health, the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, and the surveillance of arboviruses and hemorrhagic fever viruses in human and vector populations implemented since mid 2020 in eastern Senegal. Virological analyses highlighted the implication of sylvatic mosquito species in virus transmission. Genomic analysis showed a close relationship between the circulating strain in eastern Senegal, 2020, and another one from the West African lineage previously detected and sequenced two years ago from an unvaccinated Dutch traveler who visited the Gambia and Senegal before developing signs after returning to Europe. Moreover, genome analysis identified a 6-nucleotide deletion in the variable domain of the 3′UTR with potential impact on the biology of the viral strain that merits further investigations. Integrated surveillance of yellow fever virus but also of other arboviruses of public health interest is crucial in an ecosystem such as eastern Senegal.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/8/1475yellow fever virusarboviruseastern SenegalKedougousylvatic lifecyclevirus isolation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Moussa Moïse Diagne Marie Henriette Dior Ndione Alioune Gaye Mamadou Aliou Barry Diawo Diallo Amadou Diallo Lusajo L. Mwakibete Mamadou Diop El Hadji Ndiaye Vida Ahyong Babacar Diouf Moufid Mhamadi Cheikh Tidiane Diagne Fodé Danfakha Boly Diop Oumar Faye Cheikh Loucoubar Gamou Fall Cristina M. Tato Amadou Alpha Sall Scott C. Weaver Mawlouth Diallo Ousmane Faye |
spellingShingle |
Moussa Moïse Diagne Marie Henriette Dior Ndione Alioune Gaye Mamadou Aliou Barry Diawo Diallo Amadou Diallo Lusajo L. Mwakibete Mamadou Diop El Hadji Ndiaye Vida Ahyong Babacar Diouf Moufid Mhamadi Cheikh Tidiane Diagne Fodé Danfakha Boly Diop Oumar Faye Cheikh Loucoubar Gamou Fall Cristina M. Tato Amadou Alpha Sall Scott C. Weaver Mawlouth Diallo Ousmane Faye Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021 Viruses yellow fever virus arbovirus eastern Senegal Kedougou sylvatic lifecycle virus isolation |
author_facet |
Moussa Moïse Diagne Marie Henriette Dior Ndione Alioune Gaye Mamadou Aliou Barry Diawo Diallo Amadou Diallo Lusajo L. Mwakibete Mamadou Diop El Hadji Ndiaye Vida Ahyong Babacar Diouf Moufid Mhamadi Cheikh Tidiane Diagne Fodé Danfakha Boly Diop Oumar Faye Cheikh Loucoubar Gamou Fall Cristina M. Tato Amadou Alpha Sall Scott C. Weaver Mawlouth Diallo Ousmane Faye |
author_sort |
Moussa Moïse Diagne |
title |
Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021 |
title_short |
Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021 |
title_full |
Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021 |
title_fullStr |
Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Yellow Fever Outbreak in Eastern Senegal, 2020–2021 |
title_sort |
yellow fever outbreak in eastern senegal, 2020–2021 |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Yellow fever virus remains a major threat in low resource countries in South America and Africa despite the existence of an effective vaccine. In Senegal and particularly in the eastern part of the country, periodic sylvatic circulation has been demonstrated with varying degrees of impact on populations in perpetual renewal. We report an outbreak that occurred from October 2020 to February 2021 in eastern Senegal, notified and managed through the synergistic effort yellow fever national surveillance implemented by the Senegalese Ministry of Health in collaboration with the World Health Organization, the countrywide 4S network set up by the Ministry of Health, the Institut Pasteur de Dakar, and the surveillance of arboviruses and hemorrhagic fever viruses in human and vector populations implemented since mid 2020 in eastern Senegal. Virological analyses highlighted the implication of sylvatic mosquito species in virus transmission. Genomic analysis showed a close relationship between the circulating strain in eastern Senegal, 2020, and another one from the West African lineage previously detected and sequenced two years ago from an unvaccinated Dutch traveler who visited the Gambia and Senegal before developing signs after returning to Europe. Moreover, genome analysis identified a 6-nucleotide deletion in the variable domain of the 3′UTR with potential impact on the biology of the viral strain that merits further investigations. Integrated surveillance of yellow fever virus but also of other arboviruses of public health interest is crucial in an ecosystem such as eastern Senegal. |
topic |
yellow fever virus arbovirus eastern Senegal Kedougou sylvatic lifecycle virus isolation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/8/1475 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT moussamoisediagne yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT mariehenriettediorndione yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT aliounegaye yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT mamadoualioubarry yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT diawodiallo yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT amadoudiallo yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT lusajolmwakibete yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT mamadoudiop yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT elhadjindiaye yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT vidaahyong yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT babacardiouf yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT moufidmhamadi yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT cheikhtidianediagne yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT fodedanfakha yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT bolydiop yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT oumarfaye yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT cheikhloucoubar yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT gamoufall yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT cristinamtato yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT amadoualphasall yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT scottcweaver yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT mawlouthdiallo yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 AT ousmanefaye yellowfeveroutbreakineasternsenegal20202021 |
_version_ |
1721189500726542336 |