Affecting the Effectors: Regulation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Effector Function by Metaeffectors
Many bacterial pathogens utilize translocated virulence factors called effectors to successfully infect their host. Within the host cell, effector proteins facilitate pathogen replication through subversion of host cell targets and processes. <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> is a Gram-negat...
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doaj-8c93f8897361435d8ff34699a723917d2021-01-23T00:01:02ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-01-011010810810.3390/pathogens10020108Affecting the Effectors: Regulation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Effector Function by MetaeffectorsAshley M. Joseph0Stephanie R. Shames1Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USADivision of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAMany bacterial pathogens utilize translocated virulence factors called effectors to successfully infect their host. Within the host cell, effector proteins facilitate pathogen replication through subversion of host cell targets and processes. <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterial pathogen that relies on hundreds of translocated effectors to replicate within host phagocytes. Within this large arsenal of translocated effectors is a unique subset of effectors called metaeffectors, which target and regulate other effectors. At least one dozen metaeffectors are encoded by <i>L. pneumophila</i>; however, mechanisms by which they promote virulence are largely unknown. This review details current knowledge of <i>L pneumophila</i> metaeffector function, challenges associated with their identification, and potential avenues to reveal the contribution of metaeffectors to bacterial pathogenesis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/2/108<i>Legionella pneumophila</i>metaeffectoreffector |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ashley M. Joseph Stephanie R. Shames |
spellingShingle |
Ashley M. Joseph Stephanie R. Shames Affecting the Effectors: Regulation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Effector Function by Metaeffectors Pathogens <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> metaeffector effector |
author_facet |
Ashley M. Joseph Stephanie R. Shames |
author_sort |
Ashley M. Joseph |
title |
Affecting the Effectors: Regulation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Effector Function by Metaeffectors |
title_short |
Affecting the Effectors: Regulation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Effector Function by Metaeffectors |
title_full |
Affecting the Effectors: Regulation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Effector Function by Metaeffectors |
title_fullStr |
Affecting the Effectors: Regulation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Effector Function by Metaeffectors |
title_full_unstemmed |
Affecting the Effectors: Regulation of <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> Effector Function by Metaeffectors |
title_sort |
affecting the effectors: regulation of <i>legionella pneumophila</i> effector function by metaeffectors |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pathogens |
issn |
2076-0817 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Many bacterial pathogens utilize translocated virulence factors called effectors to successfully infect their host. Within the host cell, effector proteins facilitate pathogen replication through subversion of host cell targets and processes. <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterial pathogen that relies on hundreds of translocated effectors to replicate within host phagocytes. Within this large arsenal of translocated effectors is a unique subset of effectors called metaeffectors, which target and regulate other effectors. At least one dozen metaeffectors are encoded by <i>L. pneumophila</i>; however, mechanisms by which they promote virulence are largely unknown. This review details current knowledge of <i>L pneumophila</i> metaeffector function, challenges associated with their identification, and potential avenues to reveal the contribution of metaeffectors to bacterial pathogenesis. |
topic |
<i>Legionella pneumophila</i> metaeffector effector |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/2/108 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT ashleymjoseph affectingtheeffectorsregulationofilegionellapneumophilaieffectorfunctionbymetaeffectors AT stephaniershames affectingtheeffectorsregulationofilegionellapneumophilaieffectorfunctionbymetaeffectors |
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