A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquids
In this study, a novel non-invasive and contactless microwave sensor using a square substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) re-entrant cavity is proposed for complex permittivity measurement of chemical solutions. The working principle of this sensor is based on cavity perturbation technique, in which...
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doaj-8cae66c078c748f8b16ba9fa67428b402020-11-24T20:49:20ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-11-011811400510.3390/s18114005s18114005A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of LiquidsZhihua Wei0Jie Huang1Jing Li2Guoqing Xu3Zongde Ju4Xuyang Liu5Xingsheng Ni6College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaIn this study, a novel non-invasive and contactless microwave sensor using a square substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) re-entrant cavity is proposed for complex permittivity measurement of chemical solutions. The working principle of this sensor is based on cavity perturbation technique, in which the resonant properties of cavity are utilized as signatures to extract the dielectric information of liquid under test (LUT). A winding microfluidic channel is designed and embedded in the gap region of the cavity to obtain a strong interaction between the induced electric field and LUT, thus achieving a high sensitivity. Also, a mathematical predictive model which quantitatively associates the resonant properties of the sensor with the dielectric constant of LUT is developed through numerical analysis. Using this predictive model, quick and accurate extraction of the complex permittivity of LUT can be easily realized. The performance of this sensor is then experimentally validated by four pure chemicals (hexane, ethyl acetate, DMSO and water) together with a set of acetone/water mixtures in various concentrations. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed sensor is capable of characterizing the complex permittivities of various liquids with an accuracy of higher than 96.76% (compared with the theoretical values obtained by Debye relaxation equations), and it is also available for quantifying the concentration ratio of a given binary mixture.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/4005microwave sensormicrofluidicsSIW re-entrant cavity resonatorcomplex permittivity measurement |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Zhihua Wei Jie Huang Jing Li Guoqing Xu Zongde Ju Xuyang Liu Xingsheng Ni |
spellingShingle |
Zhihua Wei Jie Huang Jing Li Guoqing Xu Zongde Ju Xuyang Liu Xingsheng Ni A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquids Sensors microwave sensor microfluidics SIW re-entrant cavity resonator complex permittivity measurement |
author_facet |
Zhihua Wei Jie Huang Jing Li Guoqing Xu Zongde Ju Xuyang Liu Xingsheng Ni |
author_sort |
Zhihua Wei |
title |
A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquids |
title_short |
A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquids |
title_full |
A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquids |
title_fullStr |
A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquids |
title_full_unstemmed |
A High-Sensitivity Microfluidic Sensor Based on a Substrate Integrated Waveguide Re-Entrant Cavity for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquids |
title_sort |
high-sensitivity microfluidic sensor based on a substrate integrated waveguide re-entrant cavity for complex permittivity measurement of liquids |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sensors |
issn |
1424-8220 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
In this study, a novel non-invasive and contactless microwave sensor using a square substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) re-entrant cavity is proposed for complex permittivity measurement of chemical solutions. The working principle of this sensor is based on cavity perturbation technique, in which the resonant properties of cavity are utilized as signatures to extract the dielectric information of liquid under test (LUT). A winding microfluidic channel is designed and embedded in the gap region of the cavity to obtain a strong interaction between the induced electric field and LUT, thus achieving a high sensitivity. Also, a mathematical predictive model which quantitatively associates the resonant properties of the sensor with the dielectric constant of LUT is developed through numerical analysis. Using this predictive model, quick and accurate extraction of the complex permittivity of LUT can be easily realized. The performance of this sensor is then experimentally validated by four pure chemicals (hexane, ethyl acetate, DMSO and water) together with a set of acetone/water mixtures in various concentrations. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed sensor is capable of characterizing the complex permittivities of various liquids with an accuracy of higher than 96.76% (compared with the theoretical values obtained by Debye relaxation equations), and it is also available for quantifying the concentration ratio of a given binary mixture. |
topic |
microwave sensor microfluidics SIW re-entrant cavity resonator complex permittivity measurement |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/4005 |
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