Time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growth
This study determined time-dependent IC50 and confirmed 3.5 mg/L as IC50 value for kaempferol inhibiting toxigenic Microcystis growth, based on which algicidal effects and mechanisms against toxigenic Microcystis exposed to various kaempferol doses (0.5–2 × IC50) were explored along 14 day-test. Res...
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doaj-8cd86f90f025456284be2858502fc1122021-08-02T04:38:31ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132021-10-01222112508Time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growthJieming Li0Linrong Cao1Zhonghui Guo2Guangqi An3Biying Li4Ji Li5College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Correspondence to: College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.This study determined time-dependent IC50 and confirmed 3.5 mg/L as IC50 value for kaempferol inhibiting toxigenic Microcystis growth, based on which algicidal effects and mechanisms against toxigenic Microcystis exposed to various kaempferol doses (0.5–2 × IC50) were explored along 14 day-test. Results showed that growth inhibition ratio (GIR) almost elevated with increasing kaempferol dose, and at each dose GIR elevated firstly and fluctuated around 17.8%– > 40%, 53.6%–65.6% and 84.8%–89.3% at 1.75, 3.5 and 7 mg/L kaempferol during mid-late stage, respectively. With rising kaempferol dose, photosynthetic pigments contents (chlorophyll-a, phycobiliproteins), antioxidant response (superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) contents) and microcystins (MCs) production were almost increasingly stimulated as cellular protective responses during early-mid stage. However, these parameters (excluding CAT and GSH) were almost increasingly inhibited at late stage by prolonged stress and Microcystis cell was still more severely damaged as dose elevated along test, which could be reasons for increasing GIR with rising kamepferol dose. Persistent stimulation of CAT and GSH at each dose could alleviate cell damage until late stage, thus GIR no longer increased at late stage at each kaempferol dose. Moreover, fewer MCs release under kaempferol stress than control suggested kaempferol as eco-safe algaecide for migrating toxigenic Microcystis-dominated blooms (MCBs) and decreasing MCs risks. Compared with our previous data for luteolin inhibiting toxigenic Microcystis, this study supported formerly-proposed 'flavonoids structure - algicidal activity' relationship that the only OH-location difference between kaempferol and luteolin could affect algicidal activity and mechanisms against toxigenic Microcystis. Also, kaempferol and luteolin was revealed to exert additive effect on toxigenic Microcystis growth at equitoxic ratio. Our findings gave novel algicidal scenario of flavonoids and were greatly implicated in eco-friendly migrating toxigenic MCBs.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321006205Antioxidant defenseKaempferolMicrocystins releaseOxidative damagePhotosynthetic pigmentToxigenic Microcystis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jieming Li Linrong Cao Zhonghui Guo Guangqi An Biying Li Ji Li |
spellingShingle |
Jieming Li Linrong Cao Zhonghui Guo Guangqi An Biying Li Ji Li Time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growth Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Antioxidant defense Kaempferol Microcystins release Oxidative damage Photosynthetic pigment Toxigenic Microcystis |
author_facet |
Jieming Li Linrong Cao Zhonghui Guo Guangqi An Biying Li Ji Li |
author_sort |
Jieming Li |
title |
Time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growth |
title_short |
Time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growth |
title_full |
Time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growth |
title_fullStr |
Time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growth |
title_full_unstemmed |
Time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growth |
title_sort |
time- and dose-dependent allelopathic effects and mechanisms of kaempferol on toxigenic microcystis growth |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
issn |
0147-6513 |
publishDate |
2021-10-01 |
description |
This study determined time-dependent IC50 and confirmed 3.5 mg/L as IC50 value for kaempferol inhibiting toxigenic Microcystis growth, based on which algicidal effects and mechanisms against toxigenic Microcystis exposed to various kaempferol doses (0.5–2 × IC50) were explored along 14 day-test. Results showed that growth inhibition ratio (GIR) almost elevated with increasing kaempferol dose, and at each dose GIR elevated firstly and fluctuated around 17.8%– > 40%, 53.6%–65.6% and 84.8%–89.3% at 1.75, 3.5 and 7 mg/L kaempferol during mid-late stage, respectively. With rising kaempferol dose, photosynthetic pigments contents (chlorophyll-a, phycobiliproteins), antioxidant response (superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) contents) and microcystins (MCs) production were almost increasingly stimulated as cellular protective responses during early-mid stage. However, these parameters (excluding CAT and GSH) were almost increasingly inhibited at late stage by prolonged stress and Microcystis cell was still more severely damaged as dose elevated along test, which could be reasons for increasing GIR with rising kamepferol dose. Persistent stimulation of CAT and GSH at each dose could alleviate cell damage until late stage, thus GIR no longer increased at late stage at each kaempferol dose. Moreover, fewer MCs release under kaempferol stress than control suggested kaempferol as eco-safe algaecide for migrating toxigenic Microcystis-dominated blooms (MCBs) and decreasing MCs risks. Compared with our previous data for luteolin inhibiting toxigenic Microcystis, this study supported formerly-proposed 'flavonoids structure - algicidal activity' relationship that the only OH-location difference between kaempferol and luteolin could affect algicidal activity and mechanisms against toxigenic Microcystis. Also, kaempferol and luteolin was revealed to exert additive effect on toxigenic Microcystis growth at equitoxic ratio. Our findings gave novel algicidal scenario of flavonoids and were greatly implicated in eco-friendly migrating toxigenic MCBs. |
topic |
Antioxidant defense Kaempferol Microcystins release Oxidative damage Photosynthetic pigment Toxigenic Microcystis |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321006205 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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