Antiprotozoal Activity of Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) and Its Main Alkamide Constituents
In the course of our ongoing screening of plants of the family Asteraceae for antiprotozoal activity, a CH2Cl2-extract from the flowering aerial parts of Achillea ptarmica L. (sneezewort yarrow) was found to be active in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (IC50 = 0.67 µg/mL) and Plasmodium...
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doaj-8d2a18b15b8d4468b6227dadf79b2e082020-11-24T20:45:53ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492014-05-011956428643810.3390/molecules19056428molecules19056428Antiprotozoal Activity of Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) and Its Main Alkamide ConstituentsJulia B. Althaus0Marcel Kaiser1Reto Brun2Thomas J. Schmidt3Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie (IPBP), University of Münster, PharmaCampus, Corrensstraße 48, Münster D-48149, GermanySwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Socinstraße 57, Basel CH-4002, SwitzerlandSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Socinstraße 57, Basel CH-4002, SwitzerlandInstitut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie (IPBP), University of Münster, PharmaCampus, Corrensstraße 48, Münster D-48149, GermanyIn the course of our ongoing screening of plants of the family Asteraceae for antiprotozoal activity, a CH2Cl2-extract from the flowering aerial parts of Achillea ptarmica L. (sneezewort yarrow) was found to be active in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (IC50 = 0.67 µg/mL) and Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 = 6.6 μg/mL). Bioassay guided fractionation led to the isolation and identification of five alkamides from the most active fractions. Pellitorine and 8,9-Z-dehyropellitorine are the main components of the extract. Beside these olefinic acid amides, four alkamides with diene-diyne structures were isolated. All alkamides were tested for antiprotozoal activity in vitro. Pellitorine was the most active compound so far within this study against P. falciparum (IC50 = 3.3 µg/mL), while 8,9-Z-dehydropellitorine was most active against T. b. rhodesiense (IC50 = 2.0 µg/mL). The activity of pure pellitorine against Plasmodium is higher than that of the crude extract and thus explains the activity of the latter. None of the isolated alkamides, however, was as active against T. b. rhodesiense as the crude extract whose antitrypanosomal activity must therfore be due to a synergistic effect of the isolated compounds or to more active yet to be identified constituents.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/5/6428Achillea ptarmicaantiprotozoal activityalkamidePlasmodium falciparumTrypanosoma brucei rhodesienseTrypanosoma cruziLeishmania donovani |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Julia B. Althaus Marcel Kaiser Reto Brun Thomas J. Schmidt |
spellingShingle |
Julia B. Althaus Marcel Kaiser Reto Brun Thomas J. Schmidt Antiprotozoal Activity of Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) and Its Main Alkamide Constituents Molecules Achillea ptarmica antiprotozoal activity alkamide Plasmodium falciparum Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Trypanosoma cruzi Leishmania donovani |
author_facet |
Julia B. Althaus Marcel Kaiser Reto Brun Thomas J. Schmidt |
author_sort |
Julia B. Althaus |
title |
Antiprotozoal Activity of Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) and Its Main Alkamide Constituents |
title_short |
Antiprotozoal Activity of Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) and Its Main Alkamide Constituents |
title_full |
Antiprotozoal Activity of Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) and Its Main Alkamide Constituents |
title_fullStr |
Antiprotozoal Activity of Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) and Its Main Alkamide Constituents |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antiprotozoal Activity of Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) and Its Main Alkamide Constituents |
title_sort |
antiprotozoal activity of achillea ptarmica (asteraceae) and its main alkamide constituents |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2014-05-01 |
description |
In the course of our ongoing screening of plants of the family Asteraceae for antiprotozoal activity, a CH2Cl2-extract from the flowering aerial parts of Achillea ptarmica L. (sneezewort yarrow) was found to be active in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (IC50 = 0.67 µg/mL) and Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 = 6.6 μg/mL). Bioassay guided fractionation led to the isolation and identification of five alkamides from the most active fractions. Pellitorine and 8,9-Z-dehyropellitorine are the main components of the extract. Beside these olefinic acid amides, four alkamides with diene-diyne structures were isolated. All alkamides were tested for antiprotozoal activity in vitro. Pellitorine was the most active compound so far within this study against P. falciparum (IC50 = 3.3 µg/mL), while 8,9-Z-dehydropellitorine was most active against T. b. rhodesiense (IC50 = 2.0 µg/mL). The activity of pure pellitorine against Plasmodium is higher than that of the crude extract and thus explains the activity of the latter. None of the isolated alkamides, however, was as active against T. b. rhodesiense as the crude extract whose antitrypanosomal activity must therfore be due to a synergistic effect of the isolated compounds or to more active yet to be identified constituents. |
topic |
Achillea ptarmica antiprotozoal activity alkamide Plasmodium falciparum Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Trypanosoma cruzi Leishmania donovani |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/5/6428 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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