The Effect of Contact-Drying on Physical Properties of European Beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i> L.)

• Main Authors: Ivan Klement, Peter Vilkovský, Tatiana Vilkovská
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-08-01
• Series: Forests
• Subjects: contact-drying; beech wood; hygroscopicity of wood; absorptivity of wood; physical properties
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/8/890

Beech wood is mainly used for furniture, plywood, decorative veneer manufacturing or packaging. Timber or lumber is traditionally dried in kilns by processes often taking several weeks. This research deals with more rapid process called contact-drying process. Drying was performed using the heating plates with a temperature of 160 °C and pressures of 1.0 MPa, 1.4 MPa and 1.8 MPa. The results were compared to conventional warm-air drying. The warm-air drying mode was divided into two phases, with and without free water and bound water in the dried wood. The density of the samples increased remarkably during the contact-drying. The effect of the pressure of the heating plates was substantial. The difference in the average density between the pressure of 1.0 MPa and 1.8 MPa was more than 22 kg·m⁻³. The pressure of the heating plates affected the process and the resulting change in the sample thickness. The change in the sample thickness was more considerable in the case of the tangential samples. The thickness did not increase significantly after air conditioning. During contact-drying, the hygroscopicity and absorptivity of wood reduced on average by 21.24% and 25%, respectively, compared to warm-air drying.