A Neglected Parasite: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, First Report in Feral Pigs in a Natural Park of Sicily (Southern Italy)
Sanitary management and population control of feral pigs remains a major problem in public health, particularly in natural parks where hunting is prohibited and the extensive farming of livestock is common. Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus is a zoonotic parasite species with a worldwide distribution...
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doaj-8e7c618b87414a3688be19934027c7c52021-04-28T04:48:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692021-04-01810.3389/fvets.2021.659306659306A Neglected Parasite: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, First Report in Feral Pigs in a Natural Park of Sicily (Southern Italy)Sergio Migliore0Roberto Puleio1Gabriella Gaglio2Gabriella Gaglio3Domenico Vicari4Salvatore Seminara5Elio Rodolfo Sicilia6Paola Galluzzo7Valentina Cumbo8Guido Ruggero Loria9Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, ItalyCentro Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Parassitologia (CIRPAR), Naples, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, ItalyAzienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Palermo, Palermo, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, Palermo, ItalySanitary management and population control of feral pigs remains a major problem in public health, particularly in natural parks where hunting is prohibited and the extensive farming of livestock is common. Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus is a zoonotic parasite species with a worldwide distribution of which the natural definitive hosts are primarily pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa). The present study describes the main anatomo-pathological and parasitological findings in the first case of M. hirudinaceus in feral pigs in the Madonie park in Sicily (Southern Italy). Overall, 52 acanthocephalans were collected from the small intestine of four infected feral pigs. The prevalence among the 36 examined animals was 11.1% with a mean Abundance (mA) and mean Intensity (mI) of 1.4 and 13, respectively. Pathological examination revealed grossly visible nodules on the external surface of the intestines, corresponding to the proboscis of M. hirudinaceus attached deeply into the intestinal wall. In these sites, severe inflammatory reactions in the tissue involved and the destruction of normal intestinal architecture, as well as necrosis and ulceration in the mucosa, submucosa, and part of the muscolaris mucosae were described. This is the first official report of this neglected zoonosis in Italy, in particular in a natural park where the extensive farming of domestic pigs is practiced. This could favor the spread of this parasite in domestic animals and the environment, increasing the accidental risk of infection in human residents of these areas.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.659306/fullwildilifeparasitesMacracanthorhynchus hirudinaceusferal pigszoonoses |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sergio Migliore Roberto Puleio Gabriella Gaglio Gabriella Gaglio Domenico Vicari Salvatore Seminara Elio Rodolfo Sicilia Paola Galluzzo Valentina Cumbo Guido Ruggero Loria |
spellingShingle |
Sergio Migliore Roberto Puleio Gabriella Gaglio Gabriella Gaglio Domenico Vicari Salvatore Seminara Elio Rodolfo Sicilia Paola Galluzzo Valentina Cumbo Guido Ruggero Loria A Neglected Parasite: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, First Report in Feral Pigs in a Natural Park of Sicily (Southern Italy) Frontiers in Veterinary Science wildilife parasites Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus feral pigs zoonoses |
author_facet |
Sergio Migliore Roberto Puleio Gabriella Gaglio Gabriella Gaglio Domenico Vicari Salvatore Seminara Elio Rodolfo Sicilia Paola Galluzzo Valentina Cumbo Guido Ruggero Loria |
author_sort |
Sergio Migliore |
title |
A Neglected Parasite: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, First Report in Feral Pigs in a Natural Park of Sicily (Southern Italy) |
title_short |
A Neglected Parasite: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, First Report in Feral Pigs in a Natural Park of Sicily (Southern Italy) |
title_full |
A Neglected Parasite: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, First Report in Feral Pigs in a Natural Park of Sicily (Southern Italy) |
title_fullStr |
A Neglected Parasite: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, First Report in Feral Pigs in a Natural Park of Sicily (Southern Italy) |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Neglected Parasite: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, First Report in Feral Pigs in a Natural Park of Sicily (Southern Italy) |
title_sort |
neglected parasite: macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus, first report in feral pigs in a natural park of sicily (southern italy) |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
issn |
2297-1769 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
Sanitary management and population control of feral pigs remains a major problem in public health, particularly in natural parks where hunting is prohibited and the extensive farming of livestock is common. Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus is a zoonotic parasite species with a worldwide distribution of which the natural definitive hosts are primarily pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa). The present study describes the main anatomo-pathological and parasitological findings in the first case of M. hirudinaceus in feral pigs in the Madonie park in Sicily (Southern Italy). Overall, 52 acanthocephalans were collected from the small intestine of four infected feral pigs. The prevalence among the 36 examined animals was 11.1% with a mean Abundance (mA) and mean Intensity (mI) of 1.4 and 13, respectively. Pathological examination revealed grossly visible nodules on the external surface of the intestines, corresponding to the proboscis of M. hirudinaceus attached deeply into the intestinal wall. In these sites, severe inflammatory reactions in the tissue involved and the destruction of normal intestinal architecture, as well as necrosis and ulceration in the mucosa, submucosa, and part of the muscolaris mucosae were described. This is the first official report of this neglected zoonosis in Italy, in particular in a natural park where the extensive farming of domestic pigs is practiced. This could favor the spread of this parasite in domestic animals and the environment, increasing the accidental risk of infection in human residents of these areas. |
topic |
wildilife parasites Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus feral pigs zoonoses |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.659306/full |
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