A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases
The aim of the study was to investigate the breed predisposition and the diagnostic and surgical management of horses referred for cryptorchidism. The breed, localization of retained testis, diagnosis, type of surgical treatment and complications were analyzed. Seventy horses were included in the st...
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doaj-8f64d11b8f4a4dfd8ee806ef7370ee452020-12-22T00:00:16ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152020-12-01102446244610.3390/ani10122446A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 CasesPaola Straticò0Vincenzo Varasano1Giulia Guerri2Gianluca Celani3Adriana Palozzo4Lucio Petrizzi5Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyThe aim of the study was to investigate the breed predisposition and the diagnostic and surgical management of horses referred for cryptorchidism. The breed, localization of retained testis, diagnosis, type of surgical treatment and complications were analyzed. Seventy horses were included in the study; the Western Riding horse breeds were the most affected (Quarter Horse 34/70, 48.5%; Appaloosa 9/70, 12.8%). In unilateral cryptorchids (65/70, 92.8%) the most common location for a retained testis was the left abdomen (28/65, 43%), while in bilateral cryptorchids (5/70, 7.1%), bilateral abdominal retention was the most frequent (3/5, 6%). Information about testis localization was achieved through transabdominal ultrasound (30/49 cases, 61.2%), through <i>per rectum</i> palpation (21/49 cases, 42.9%) and through inguinal palpation (14/49 cases, 28.9%). Cryptorchidectomy was achieved with standing laparoscopy (44/70 cases, 62.8%), or with open inguinal orchiectomy in general anesthesia (26/70 cases, 37.2%). Complications during laparoscopy were spleen puncture (1/44, 2.2%), a self-limiting bleeding from the spermatic cord (10/44 cases, 22.7%), hyperthermia (3/44 cases, 6.8%), and emphysema (15/44, 34%). During inguinal open cryptorchidectomy difficulties with identifying the inguinal testis during surgery (8/26 cases, 30.8%) and a moderate and self-limiting swelling of the inguinal region after surgery (17/26, 65.4%) were observed. For orchiectomy, a standing laparoscopy was confirmed as the preferred procedure for an abdominally retained testis with almost no complications.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/12/2446cryptorchidismlaparoscopyorchiectomyhorse |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Paola Straticò Vincenzo Varasano Giulia Guerri Gianluca Celani Adriana Palozzo Lucio Petrizzi |
spellingShingle |
Paola Straticò Vincenzo Varasano Giulia Guerri Gianluca Celani Adriana Palozzo Lucio Petrizzi A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases Animals cryptorchidism laparoscopy orchiectomy horse |
author_facet |
Paola Straticò Vincenzo Varasano Giulia Guerri Gianluca Celani Adriana Palozzo Lucio Petrizzi |
author_sort |
Paola Straticò |
title |
A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases |
title_short |
A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases |
title_full |
A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases |
title_fullStr |
A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Retrospective Study of Cryptorchidectomy in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcome and Complications in 70 Cases |
title_sort |
retrospective study of cryptorchidectomy in horses: diagnosis, treatment, outcome and complications in 70 cases |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Animals |
issn |
2076-2615 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
The aim of the study was to investigate the breed predisposition and the diagnostic and surgical management of horses referred for cryptorchidism. The breed, localization of retained testis, diagnosis, type of surgical treatment and complications were analyzed. Seventy horses were included in the study; the Western Riding horse breeds were the most affected (Quarter Horse 34/70, 48.5%; Appaloosa 9/70, 12.8%). In unilateral cryptorchids (65/70, 92.8%) the most common location for a retained testis was the left abdomen (28/65, 43%), while in bilateral cryptorchids (5/70, 7.1%), bilateral abdominal retention was the most frequent (3/5, 6%). Information about testis localization was achieved through transabdominal ultrasound (30/49 cases, 61.2%), through <i>per rectum</i> palpation (21/49 cases, 42.9%) and through inguinal palpation (14/49 cases, 28.9%). Cryptorchidectomy was achieved with standing laparoscopy (44/70 cases, 62.8%), or with open inguinal orchiectomy in general anesthesia (26/70 cases, 37.2%). Complications during laparoscopy were spleen puncture (1/44, 2.2%), a self-limiting bleeding from the spermatic cord (10/44 cases, 22.7%), hyperthermia (3/44 cases, 6.8%), and emphysema (15/44, 34%). During inguinal open cryptorchidectomy difficulties with identifying the inguinal testis during surgery (8/26 cases, 30.8%) and a moderate and self-limiting swelling of the inguinal region after surgery (17/26, 65.4%) were observed. For orchiectomy, a standing laparoscopy was confirmed as the preferred procedure for an abdominally retained testis with almost no complications. |
topic |
cryptorchidism laparoscopy orchiectomy horse |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/12/2446 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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