Late posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease: Report of a rare case and role of positron emission tomography-computed tomography

• Main Authors: P Yadav, N Kumar, N Prasad, H Lal
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2018-01-01
• Series: Indian Journal of Nephrology
• Subjects: 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography; chemotherapy; posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease
• Online Access: http://www.indianjnephrol.org/article.asp?issn=0971-4065;year=2018;volume=28;issue=5;spage=393;epage=396;aulast=Yadav

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is an uncommon complication of immunosuppression after solid organ transplantation. Early PTLD (<1 year after transplantation) is frequently found around the allograft, whereas late PTLD (>1 year after transplantation) does not have such a preference. 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18FDG PET-CT) has clinical significance in the evaluation of PTLD. 18FDG PET-CT scan allows precise anatomic localization of FDG-avid lesions, hence helpful in staging of disease and evaluation of response to therapy. It can better characterize persistent lesions and differentiate residual tumor from fibrosis or necrosis. We present a rare case report of a perigraft PTLD developing 12 years after renal transplantation sparing the graft, in an Epstein–Barr virus-negative patient.