Total cardiovascular risk among native population of Kyrgyzstan with diabetes mellitus type 2 and impaired glucose tolerance in high- and low-altitude regions

• Main Authors: Marina S. Moldobaeva, Anastasya V. Vinogradova, Marina K. Esenamanova, Bahtygul S. Zhalilova, Gulzat K. Sharshenalieva, Dinara I. Isabaeva
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Center for Scientific Research and Development of Education. 2018-12-01
• Series: Heart Vessels and Transplantation
• Subjects: diabetes mellitus; impaired glucose tolerance; native population; low-altitude; high-altitude; factors of total cardiovascular risk
• Online Access: https://www.hvt-journal.com/articles/art100
• ISSN: 1694-7886; 1694-7894

Objective: In  diabetes  mellitus (DM) type 2, there  is  a  very  high  risk  of developing cardiovascular  (CV) events.  We aimed to study the total CV risk of the indigenous people of  Kyrgyzstan with  impaired carbohydrate metabolism (DM type 2 and impaired glucose tolerance, IGT), depending on  the region of residence (low and high altitudes), and to  develop targeted preventive measures. Methods: Overall, 248 families (992 people) in the Naryn (high-altitude) (study group) and 260 families (1041 people) in the Chui region (low-altitude) (control group) were surveyed and  363 people with DM type 2 and IGT were identified, of which: 138 people in the study group and 225 people in the control group. Results: In patients with DM type 2 and IGT, moderate CV risk was found in the low-altitude and high-altitude in men and women aged 46–65 years, the  leading risk factor in men is BMI&qt;25 kg/m2; in women, hypertension (HT)  and hypercholesterolemia. A high risk of  CV  complications was detected only in the low-altitude in men aged 46–65 years, the leading risk factor is HT. High and very high risk of CV complications  are rarely found both in the low-altitude and in the high-altitude. Conclusion: During stratification of total CV risk, 363 people with carbohydrate metabolism disorders (DM type 2 and IGT) of  2033 native population living in 2  regions  of Kyrgyzstan revealed features of the total CV risk: BMI&qt;25kg/m2 for men of  high- altitude  and  low-altitude,  HT  and hypercholesterolemia  for  women of high-altitude, and for men, low-altitude only HT. Both in the high-altitude and in the low-altitude, low and moderate CV risk are predominantly expressed, and high and very high CV risk are rare.