A Custom Microcontrolled and Wireless-Operated Chamber for Auditory Fear Conditioning
Animal behavioral paradigms, such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning, are an important tool to study the neural basis of cognition and behavior. These paradigms involve manipulating sensory stimuli in a way that learning processes are induced under controlled experimental conditions....
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-11-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.01193/full |
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doaj-90eba23ef6fb4af7ac738b077690b071 |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Paulo Aparecido Amaral-Júnior Flávio Afonso Gonçalves Mourão Mariana Chamon Ladeira Amancio Hyorrana Priscila Pereira Pinto Vinícius Rezende Carvalho Vinícius Rezende Carvalho Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri Hermes Aguiar Magalhães Márcio Flávio Dutra Moraes |
spellingShingle |
Paulo Aparecido Amaral-Júnior Flávio Afonso Gonçalves Mourão Mariana Chamon Ladeira Amancio Hyorrana Priscila Pereira Pinto Vinícius Rezende Carvalho Vinícius Rezende Carvalho Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri Hermes Aguiar Magalhães Márcio Flávio Dutra Moraes A Custom Microcontrolled and Wireless-Operated Chamber for Auditory Fear Conditioning Frontiers in Neuroscience classical fear conditioning custom conditioning chamber laboratory equipment internet of things Arduino ESP8266 |
author_facet |
Paulo Aparecido Amaral-Júnior Flávio Afonso Gonçalves Mourão Mariana Chamon Ladeira Amancio Hyorrana Priscila Pereira Pinto Vinícius Rezende Carvalho Vinícius Rezende Carvalho Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri Hermes Aguiar Magalhães Márcio Flávio Dutra Moraes |
author_sort |
Paulo Aparecido Amaral-Júnior |
title |
A Custom Microcontrolled and Wireless-Operated Chamber for Auditory Fear Conditioning |
title_short |
A Custom Microcontrolled and Wireless-Operated Chamber for Auditory Fear Conditioning |
title_full |
A Custom Microcontrolled and Wireless-Operated Chamber for Auditory Fear Conditioning |
title_fullStr |
A Custom Microcontrolled and Wireless-Operated Chamber for Auditory Fear Conditioning |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Custom Microcontrolled and Wireless-Operated Chamber for Auditory Fear Conditioning |
title_sort |
custom microcontrolled and wireless-operated chamber for auditory fear conditioning |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-453X |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
Animal behavioral paradigms, such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning, are an important tool to study the neural basis of cognition and behavior. These paradigms involve manipulating sensory stimuli in a way that learning processes are induced under controlled experimental conditions. However, the majority of the commercially available equipment did not offer flexibility to manipulate stimuli. Therefore, the development of most versatile devices would allow the study of more complex cognitive functions. The purpose of this work is to present a low-cost, customized and wireless-operated chamber for animal behavior conditioning, based on the joint operation of two microcontroller modules: Arduino Due and ESP8266-12E. Our results showed that the auditory stimulation system allows setting the carrier frequency in the range of 1 Hz up to more than 100 kHz and the sound stimulus can be modulated in amplitude, also over a wide range of frequencies. Likewise, foot-shock could be precisely manipulated regarding its amplitude (from ∼200 μA to ∼1500 μA) and frequency (up to 20 pulses per second). Finally, adult rats exposed to a protocol of cued fear conditioning in our device showed consistent behavioral response and electrophysiological evoked responses in the midbrain auditory pathway. Furthermore, the device developed in the current study represents an open source alternative to develop customized protocols to study fear memory under conditions of varied sensory stimuli. |
topic |
classical fear conditioning custom conditioning chamber laboratory equipment internet of things Arduino ESP8266 |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.01193/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-90eba23ef6fb4af7ac738b077690b0712020-11-25T01:55:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2019-11-011310.3389/fnins.2019.01193492745A Custom Microcontrolled and Wireless-Operated Chamber for Auditory Fear ConditioningPaulo Aparecido Amaral-Júnior0Flávio Afonso Gonçalves Mourão1Mariana Chamon Ladeira Amancio2Hyorrana Priscila Pereira Pinto3Vinícius Rezende Carvalho4Vinícius Rezende Carvalho5Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri6Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri7Hermes Aguiar Magalhães8Márcio Flávio Dutra Moraes9Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Departamento de Engenharia Eletrônica (DELT), Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Departamento de Engenharia Eletrônica (DELT), Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Departamento de Engenharia Eletrônica (DELT), Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Departamento de Engenharia Eletrônica (DELT), Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Departamento de Engenharia Eletrônica (DELT), Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilPrograma de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilAnimal behavioral paradigms, such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning, are an important tool to study the neural basis of cognition and behavior. These paradigms involve manipulating sensory stimuli in a way that learning processes are induced under controlled experimental conditions. However, the majority of the commercially available equipment did not offer flexibility to manipulate stimuli. Therefore, the development of most versatile devices would allow the study of more complex cognitive functions. The purpose of this work is to present a low-cost, customized and wireless-operated chamber for animal behavior conditioning, based on the joint operation of two microcontroller modules: Arduino Due and ESP8266-12E. Our results showed that the auditory stimulation system allows setting the carrier frequency in the range of 1 Hz up to more than 100 kHz and the sound stimulus can be modulated in amplitude, also over a wide range of frequencies. Likewise, foot-shock could be precisely manipulated regarding its amplitude (from ∼200 μA to ∼1500 μA) and frequency (up to 20 pulses per second). Finally, adult rats exposed to a protocol of cued fear conditioning in our device showed consistent behavioral response and electrophysiological evoked responses in the midbrain auditory pathway. Furthermore, the device developed in the current study represents an open source alternative to develop customized protocols to study fear memory under conditions of varied sensory stimuli.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.01193/fullclassical fear conditioningcustom conditioning chamberlaboratory equipmentinternet of thingsArduinoESP8266 |