L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways
L-Canavanine, a conditionally essential non-proteinogenic amino acid analog to L-arginine, plays important roles in cell division, wound healing, immune function, the release of hormones, and a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). In this report, we found that the L-canavanine is releas...
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doaj-91171f9f4b554c5492116152d91e92b72021-09-27T06:33:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2021-09-011210.3389/fmicb.2021.701796701796L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite PathwaysHossein Mardani-Korrani0Masaru Nakayasu1Shinichi Yamazaki2Yuichi Aoki3Rumi Kaida4Takashi Motobayashi5Masaru Kobayashi6Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu7Yosei Oikawa8Akifumi Sugiyama9Yoshiharu Fujii10Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, JapanResearch Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, JapanTohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, JapanTohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, JapanInstitute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, JapanInstitute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, JapanGraduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanInstitute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, JapanInstitute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, JapanResearch Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, JapanInstitute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, JapanL-Canavanine, a conditionally essential non-proteinogenic amino acid analog to L-arginine, plays important roles in cell division, wound healing, immune function, the release of hormones, and a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). In this report, we found that the L-canavanine is released into the soil from the roots of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and declines several weeks after growth, while it was absent in bulk proxy. Hairy vetch root was able to exudate L-canavanine in both pots and in vitro conditions in an agar-based medium. The content of the L-canavanine in pots and agar conditions was higher than the field condition. It was also observed that the addition of L-canavanine significantly altered the microbial community composition and diversity in soil. Firmicutes and Actinobacteria became more abundant in the soil after the application of L-canavanine. In contrast, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria populations were decreased by higher L-canavanine concentration (500 nmol/g soil). Prediction of the soil metabolic pathways using PICRUSt2 estimated that the L-arginine degradation pathway was enriched 1.3-fold when L-canavanine was added to the soil. Results indicated that carbon metabolism-related pathways were altered and the degradation of nitrogen-rich compounds (i.e., amino acids) enriched. The findings of this research showed that secretion of the allelochemical L-canavanine from the root of hairy vetch may alter the soil microbial community and soil metabolite pathways to increase the survival chance of hairy vetch seedlings. This is the first report that L-canavanine acts as an allelochemical that affects the biodiversity of soil microbial community.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.701796/fullallelopathyhairy vetch (Vicia villosa roth)L-canavaninesoil microbial community (SMC)soil metabolites pathwayscover crop |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hossein Mardani-Korrani Masaru Nakayasu Shinichi Yamazaki Yuichi Aoki Rumi Kaida Takashi Motobayashi Masaru Kobayashi Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu Yosei Oikawa Akifumi Sugiyama Yoshiharu Fujii |
spellingShingle |
Hossein Mardani-Korrani Masaru Nakayasu Shinichi Yamazaki Yuichi Aoki Rumi Kaida Takashi Motobayashi Masaru Kobayashi Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu Yosei Oikawa Akifumi Sugiyama Yoshiharu Fujii L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways Frontiers in Microbiology allelopathy hairy vetch (Vicia villosa roth) L-canavanine soil microbial community (SMC) soil metabolites pathways cover crop |
author_facet |
Hossein Mardani-Korrani Masaru Nakayasu Shinichi Yamazaki Yuichi Aoki Rumi Kaida Takashi Motobayashi Masaru Kobayashi Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu Yosei Oikawa Akifumi Sugiyama Yoshiharu Fujii |
author_sort |
Hossein Mardani-Korrani |
title |
L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways |
title_short |
L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways |
title_full |
L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways |
title_fullStr |
L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways |
title_full_unstemmed |
L-Canavanine, a Root Exudate From Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Drastically Affecting the Soil Microbial Community and Metabolite Pathways |
title_sort |
l-canavanine, a root exudate from hairy vetch (vicia villosa) drastically affecting the soil microbial community and metabolite pathways |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
L-Canavanine, a conditionally essential non-proteinogenic amino acid analog to L-arginine, plays important roles in cell division, wound healing, immune function, the release of hormones, and a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). In this report, we found that the L-canavanine is released into the soil from the roots of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and declines several weeks after growth, while it was absent in bulk proxy. Hairy vetch root was able to exudate L-canavanine in both pots and in vitro conditions in an agar-based medium. The content of the L-canavanine in pots and agar conditions was higher than the field condition. It was also observed that the addition of L-canavanine significantly altered the microbial community composition and diversity in soil. Firmicutes and Actinobacteria became more abundant in the soil after the application of L-canavanine. In contrast, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria populations were decreased by higher L-canavanine concentration (500 nmol/g soil). Prediction of the soil metabolic pathways using PICRUSt2 estimated that the L-arginine degradation pathway was enriched 1.3-fold when L-canavanine was added to the soil. Results indicated that carbon metabolism-related pathways were altered and the degradation of nitrogen-rich compounds (i.e., amino acids) enriched. The findings of this research showed that secretion of the allelochemical L-canavanine from the root of hairy vetch may alter the soil microbial community and soil metabolite pathways to increase the survival chance of hairy vetch seedlings. This is the first report that L-canavanine acts as an allelochemical that affects the biodiversity of soil microbial community. |
topic |
allelopathy hairy vetch (Vicia villosa roth) L-canavanine soil microbial community (SMC) soil metabolites pathways cover crop |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.701796/full |
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