Laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in North America
Abstract Background Effective control of tick infestations on dogs is important to reduce the risk of transmission of bacterial, viral, and protozoal pathogens. Laboratory studies were initiated to determine the efficacy of lotilaner against common ticks infesting dogs in the United States. Methods...
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doaj-912fbe02b42a4b55ac14cab18fa288702020-11-25T00:07:27ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052017-11-011011810.1186/s13071-017-2476-yLaboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in North AmericaMartin Murphy0Roberto Garcia1Daniela Karadzovska2Daniela Cavalleri3Dan Snyder4Wolfgang Seewald5Theresa Real6Jason Drake7Scott Wiseman8Steve Nanchen9Elanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthElanco Animal HealthAbstract Background Effective control of tick infestations on dogs is important to reduce the risk of transmission of bacterial, viral, and protozoal pathogens. Laboratory studies were initiated to determine the efficacy of lotilaner against common ticks infesting dogs in the United States. Methods Eight studies investigated the efficacy of lotilaner against ticks. In two studies dogs were infested with both Dermacentor variabilis and Rhipicephalus sanguineus: one additional study was completed for each of these species. Two studies assessed infestations with Amblyomma americanum and two with Ixodes scapularis. In all studies, dogs were ranked and blocked by counts from pre-treatment infestations and randomly allocated, at least eight per group, to be treated orally with lotilaner (minimum dose rate 20 mg/kg), or to be untreated controls. Treatments were administered on Day 0, within 30 min after dogs were fed. In all studies, infestations were performed with 50 adult ticks on Days -2, 7, 14, 21 and 28, and also on Day 35 for R. sanguineus, D. variabilis and I. scapularis. Tick counts were completed 48 h after treatment or after each subsequent challenge. An adequate infestation was defined as at least 25% of the infestation dose recovered from each of at least six control animals at each evaluation. Efficacy calculations for the primary objective were based on geometric means. Results In all studies, lotilaner was 100% effective against existing infestations. For post-treatment assessments, on only two occasions did efficacy fall below 99%: in one D. variabilis study efficacy was 98.0% on Day 35 and in one I. scapularis study efficacy on Day 16 was 98.4%. Only mild and transient adverse events were observed, and none were considered to be related to treatment. Conclusion Lotilaner was completely effective against existing infestations with four common species of ticks, D. variabilis, R. sanguineus, A. americanum and I. scapularis, that affect dogs in North America, with at least 4 weeks efficacy of 98.0% or more against subsequent challenge infestations. These results show that lotilaner is a highly effective isoxazoline that offers sustained efficacy against ticks through and beyond the one-month end-of-dose treatment interval.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-017-2476-yLotilanerCredelioTicksIxodesRhipicephalusAmblyomma |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Martin Murphy Roberto Garcia Daniela Karadzovska Daniela Cavalleri Dan Snyder Wolfgang Seewald Theresa Real Jason Drake Scott Wiseman Steve Nanchen |
spellingShingle |
Martin Murphy Roberto Garcia Daniela Karadzovska Daniela Cavalleri Dan Snyder Wolfgang Seewald Theresa Real Jason Drake Scott Wiseman Steve Nanchen Laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in North America Parasites & Vectors Lotilaner Credelio Ticks Ixodes Rhipicephalus Amblyomma |
author_facet |
Martin Murphy Roberto Garcia Daniela Karadzovska Daniela Cavalleri Dan Snyder Wolfgang Seewald Theresa Real Jason Drake Scott Wiseman Steve Nanchen |
author_sort |
Martin Murphy |
title |
Laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in North America |
title_short |
Laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in North America |
title_full |
Laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in North America |
title_fullStr |
Laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in North America |
title_full_unstemmed |
Laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in North America |
title_sort |
laboratory evaluations of the immediate and sustained efficacy of lotilaner (credelio™) against four common species of ticks affecting dogs in north america |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Parasites & Vectors |
issn |
1756-3305 |
publishDate |
2017-11-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Effective control of tick infestations on dogs is important to reduce the risk of transmission of bacterial, viral, and protozoal pathogens. Laboratory studies were initiated to determine the efficacy of lotilaner against common ticks infesting dogs in the United States. Methods Eight studies investigated the efficacy of lotilaner against ticks. In two studies dogs were infested with both Dermacentor variabilis and Rhipicephalus sanguineus: one additional study was completed for each of these species. Two studies assessed infestations with Amblyomma americanum and two with Ixodes scapularis. In all studies, dogs were ranked and blocked by counts from pre-treatment infestations and randomly allocated, at least eight per group, to be treated orally with lotilaner (minimum dose rate 20 mg/kg), or to be untreated controls. Treatments were administered on Day 0, within 30 min after dogs were fed. In all studies, infestations were performed with 50 adult ticks on Days -2, 7, 14, 21 and 28, and also on Day 35 for R. sanguineus, D. variabilis and I. scapularis. Tick counts were completed 48 h after treatment or after each subsequent challenge. An adequate infestation was defined as at least 25% of the infestation dose recovered from each of at least six control animals at each evaluation. Efficacy calculations for the primary objective were based on geometric means. Results In all studies, lotilaner was 100% effective against existing infestations. For post-treatment assessments, on only two occasions did efficacy fall below 99%: in one D. variabilis study efficacy was 98.0% on Day 35 and in one I. scapularis study efficacy on Day 16 was 98.4%. Only mild and transient adverse events were observed, and none were considered to be related to treatment. Conclusion Lotilaner was completely effective against existing infestations with four common species of ticks, D. variabilis, R. sanguineus, A. americanum and I. scapularis, that affect dogs in North America, with at least 4 weeks efficacy of 98.0% or more against subsequent challenge infestations. These results show that lotilaner is a highly effective isoxazoline that offers sustained efficacy against ticks through and beyond the one-month end-of-dose treatment interval. |
topic |
Lotilaner Credelio Ticks Ixodes Rhipicephalus Amblyomma |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-017-2476-y |
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