Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and Disease
The heart is the first functional organ in a developing embryo. Cardiac development continues throughout developmental stages while the heart goes through a serious of drastic morphological changes. Previous animal experiments as well as clinical observations showed that disturbed hemodynamics inter...
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doaj-9188f5232b32452a8326034fc6327b502021-02-01T00:03:34ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252021-01-018141410.3390/jcdd8020014Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and DiseaseHuseyin Enes Salman0Huseyin Cagatay Yalcin1Department of Mechanical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara 06530, TurkeyBiomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarThe heart is the first functional organ in a developing embryo. Cardiac development continues throughout developmental stages while the heart goes through a serious of drastic morphological changes. Previous animal experiments as well as clinical observations showed that disturbed hemodynamics interfere with the development of the heart and leads to the formation of a variety of defects in heart valves, heart chambers, and blood vessels, suggesting that hemodynamics is a governing factor for cardiogenesis, and disturbed hemodynamics is an important source of congenital heart defects. Therefore, there is an interest to image and quantify the flowing blood through a developing heart. Flow measurement in embryonic fetal heart can be performed using advanced techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or echocardiography. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is another approach especially useful when the other imaging modalities are not available and in-depth flow assessment is needed. The approach is based on numerically solving relevant physical equations to approximate the flow hemodynamics and tissue behavior. This approach is becoming widely adapted to simulate cardiac flows during the embryonic development. While there are few studies for human fetal cardiac flows, many groups used zebrafish and chicken embryos as useful models for elucidating normal and diseased cardiogenesis. In this paper, we explain the major steps to generate CFD models for simulating cardiac hemodynamics in vivo and summarize the latest findings on chicken and zebrafish embryos as well as human fetal hearts.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/8/2/14mechanobiologybiomechanicscomputational fluid dynamicsfluid–structure interactionchicken embryozebrafish embryo |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Huseyin Enes Salman Huseyin Cagatay Yalcin |
spellingShingle |
Huseyin Enes Salman Huseyin Cagatay Yalcin Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and Disease Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease mechanobiology biomechanics computational fluid dynamics fluid–structure interaction chicken embryo zebrafish embryo |
author_facet |
Huseyin Enes Salman Huseyin Cagatay Yalcin |
author_sort |
Huseyin Enes Salman |
title |
Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and Disease |
title_short |
Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and Disease |
title_full |
Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and Disease |
title_fullStr |
Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and Disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and Disease |
title_sort |
computational modeling of blood flow hemodynamics for biomechanical investigation of cardiac development and disease |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
issn |
2308-3425 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
The heart is the first functional organ in a developing embryo. Cardiac development continues throughout developmental stages while the heart goes through a serious of drastic morphological changes. Previous animal experiments as well as clinical observations showed that disturbed hemodynamics interfere with the development of the heart and leads to the formation of a variety of defects in heart valves, heart chambers, and blood vessels, suggesting that hemodynamics is a governing factor for cardiogenesis, and disturbed hemodynamics is an important source of congenital heart defects. Therefore, there is an interest to image and quantify the flowing blood through a developing heart. Flow measurement in embryonic fetal heart can be performed using advanced techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or echocardiography. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is another approach especially useful when the other imaging modalities are not available and in-depth flow assessment is needed. The approach is based on numerically solving relevant physical equations to approximate the flow hemodynamics and tissue behavior. This approach is becoming widely adapted to simulate cardiac flows during the embryonic development. While there are few studies for human fetal cardiac flows, many groups used zebrafish and chicken embryos as useful models for elucidating normal and diseased cardiogenesis. In this paper, we explain the major steps to generate CFD models for simulating cardiac hemodynamics in vivo and summarize the latest findings on chicken and zebrafish embryos as well as human fetal hearts. |
topic |
mechanobiology biomechanics computational fluid dynamics fluid–structure interaction chicken embryo zebrafish embryo |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/8/2/14 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT huseyinenessalman computationalmodelingofbloodflowhemodynamicsforbiomechanicalinvestigationofcardiacdevelopmentanddisease AT huseyincagatayyalcin computationalmodelingofbloodflowhemodynamicsforbiomechanicalinvestigationofcardiacdevelopmentanddisease |
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