Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Network Meta-Analysis
Background: Recent evidence supports a role of probiotics in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the role of probiotics in preventing NEC in preterm infants, focusing on the di...
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doaj-918cf97fe758448cb5ef97b092e479362021-01-10T00:02:46ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-01-011319219210.3390/nu13010192Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Network Meta-AnalysisIsadora Beghetti0Davide Panizza1Jacopo Lenzi2Davide Gori3Silvia Martini4Luigi Corvaglia5Arianna Aceti6Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOU Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOU Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOU Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOU Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOU Bologna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyBackground: Recent evidence supports a role of probiotics in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the role of probiotics in preventing NEC in preterm infants, focusing on the differential effect of type of feeding, was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effects model was used; a subgroup analysis on exclusively human milk (HM)-fed infants vs. infants receiving formula (alone or with HM) was performed. Results: Fifty-one trials were included (10,664 infants, 29 probiotic interventions); 31 studies (19 different probiotic regimens) were suitable for subgroup analysis according to feeding. In the overall analysis, <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> LB revealed the most promising effect for reducing NEC risk (odds ratio (OR), 0.03; 95% credible intervals (CrIs), 0.00–0.21). The subgroup analysis showed that <i>Bifidobacterium lactis</i> Bb-12/B94 was associated with a reduced risk of NEC stage ≥2 in both feeding type populations, with a discrepancy in the relative effect size in favour of exclusively HM-fed infants (OR 0.04; 95% CrIs <0.01–0.49 vs. OR 0.32; 95% CrIs 0.10–0.36). Conclusions: <i>B. lactis</i> Bb-12/B94 could reduce NEC risk with a different size effect according to feeding type. Of note, most probiotic strains are evaluated in few trials and relatively small populations, and outcome data according to feeding type are not available for all RCTs. Further trials are needed to confirm the present findings.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/1/192necrotizing enterocolitispreterm infantsprobioticssystematic reviewnetwork meta-analysis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Isadora Beghetti Davide Panizza Jacopo Lenzi Davide Gori Silvia Martini Luigi Corvaglia Arianna Aceti |
spellingShingle |
Isadora Beghetti Davide Panizza Jacopo Lenzi Davide Gori Silvia Martini Luigi Corvaglia Arianna Aceti Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Network Meta-Analysis Nutrients necrotizing enterocolitis preterm infants probiotics systematic review network meta-analysis |
author_facet |
Isadora Beghetti Davide Panizza Jacopo Lenzi Davide Gori Silvia Martini Luigi Corvaglia Arianna Aceti |
author_sort |
Isadora Beghetti |
title |
Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Network Meta-Analysis |
title_short |
Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Network Meta-Analysis |
title_full |
Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Network Meta-Analysis |
title_fullStr |
Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Network Meta-Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Probiotics for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Network Meta-Analysis |
title_sort |
probiotics for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Background: Recent evidence supports a role of probiotics in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the role of probiotics in preventing NEC in preterm infants, focusing on the differential effect of type of feeding, was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effects model was used; a subgroup analysis on exclusively human milk (HM)-fed infants vs. infants receiving formula (alone or with HM) was performed. Results: Fifty-one trials were included (10,664 infants, 29 probiotic interventions); 31 studies (19 different probiotic regimens) were suitable for subgroup analysis according to feeding. In the overall analysis, <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> LB revealed the most promising effect for reducing NEC risk (odds ratio (OR), 0.03; 95% credible intervals (CrIs), 0.00–0.21). The subgroup analysis showed that <i>Bifidobacterium lactis</i> Bb-12/B94 was associated with a reduced risk of NEC stage ≥2 in both feeding type populations, with a discrepancy in the relative effect size in favour of exclusively HM-fed infants (OR 0.04; 95% CrIs <0.01–0.49 vs. OR 0.32; 95% CrIs 0.10–0.36). Conclusions: <i>B. lactis</i> Bb-12/B94 could reduce NEC risk with a different size effect according to feeding type. Of note, most probiotic strains are evaluated in few trials and relatively small populations, and outcome data according to feeding type are not available for all RCTs. Further trials are needed to confirm the present findings. |
topic |
necrotizing enterocolitis preterm infants probiotics systematic review network meta-analysis |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/1/192 |
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