Longitudinal Analysis Between Maternal Feeding Practices and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Study in Asian Singaporean Preschoolers
Bidirectional studies between maternal feeding practices with subsequent child weight are limited, with no studies in Asian populations. In longitudinal analyses, we assessed the directionality of the associations between maternal feeding practices and body mass index (BMI) in preschoolers. Particip...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-04-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2019.00032/full |
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doaj-91a09c32247e480e96f0eac182cdbb09 |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Phaik Ling Quah Jing Chun Ng Lisa R. Fries Mei Jun Chan Izzuddin M. Aris Izzuddin M. Aris Yung Seng Lee Yung Seng Lee Yung Seng Lee Fabian Yap Fabian Yap Fabian Yap Keith M. Godfrey Yap-Seng Chong Yap-Seng Chong Lynette P. Shek Lynette P. Shek Kok Hian Tan Kok Hian Tan Ciaran G. Forde Ciaran G. Forde Ciaran G. Forde Mary F. F. Chong Mary F. F. Chong |
spellingShingle |
Phaik Ling Quah Jing Chun Ng Lisa R. Fries Mei Jun Chan Izzuddin M. Aris Izzuddin M. Aris Yung Seng Lee Yung Seng Lee Yung Seng Lee Fabian Yap Fabian Yap Fabian Yap Keith M. Godfrey Yap-Seng Chong Yap-Seng Chong Lynette P. Shek Lynette P. Shek Kok Hian Tan Kok Hian Tan Ciaran G. Forde Ciaran G. Forde Ciaran G. Forde Mary F. F. Chong Mary F. F. Chong Longitudinal Analysis Between Maternal Feeding Practices and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Study in Asian Singaporean Preschoolers Frontiers in Nutrition maternal feeding practices comprehensive feeding practices questionnaire (CFPQ) GUSTO Child BMI z-score bidirectional associations Asian cohort |
author_facet |
Phaik Ling Quah Jing Chun Ng Lisa R. Fries Mei Jun Chan Izzuddin M. Aris Izzuddin M. Aris Yung Seng Lee Yung Seng Lee Yung Seng Lee Fabian Yap Fabian Yap Fabian Yap Keith M. Godfrey Yap-Seng Chong Yap-Seng Chong Lynette P. Shek Lynette P. Shek Kok Hian Tan Kok Hian Tan Ciaran G. Forde Ciaran G. Forde Ciaran G. Forde Mary F. F. Chong Mary F. F. Chong |
author_sort |
Phaik Ling Quah |
title |
Longitudinal Analysis Between Maternal Feeding Practices and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Study in Asian Singaporean Preschoolers |
title_short |
Longitudinal Analysis Between Maternal Feeding Practices and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Study in Asian Singaporean Preschoolers |
title_full |
Longitudinal Analysis Between Maternal Feeding Practices and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Study in Asian Singaporean Preschoolers |
title_fullStr |
Longitudinal Analysis Between Maternal Feeding Practices and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Study in Asian Singaporean Preschoolers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Longitudinal Analysis Between Maternal Feeding Practices and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Study in Asian Singaporean Preschoolers |
title_sort |
longitudinal analysis between maternal feeding practices and body mass index (bmi): a study in asian singaporean preschoolers |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Nutrition |
issn |
2296-861X |
publishDate |
2019-04-01 |
description |
Bidirectional studies between maternal feeding practices with subsequent child weight are limited, with no studies in Asian populations. In longitudinal analyses, we assessed the directionality of the associations between maternal feeding practices and body mass index (BMI) in preschoolers. Participants were 428 mother child dyads from the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Toward healthy Outcomes) cohort. Feeding practices were assessed using the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) at age 5 y. Child BMI was measured at ages 4 and 6 y. BMI and maternal feeding practices subscales were transformed to SD scores and both directions of their associations examined with multivariable linear regression and pathway modeling. Higher BMI at age 4 was associated with lower encouragement of balance and variety (β = −0.33; 95%CI: −0.53, −0.13), lower pressure to eat (β = −0.49; −0.68, −0.29) and higher restriction (β = 1.10; 0.67, 1.52) at age 5, adjusting for confounders and baseline feeding practices at 3 years. In the reverse direction, only pressure and restriction at age 5 were associated with lower and higher child BMI at age 6 years, respectively. After the adjustment for baseline BMI at age 5, the association with pressure was attenuated to non-significance (β = 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03), while the association with restriction remained significant (β = 0.02; 0.002, 0.03). Overall, associations from child BMI to maternal restriction for weight control and pressure feeding practices was stronger than the association from these maternal feeding practices to child BMI (Wald's statistics = 24.3 and 19.5, respectively; p < 0.001). The strength and directionality suggests that the mothers in the Asian population were likely to adopt these feeding practices in response to their child's BMI, rather than the converse.Clinical Trial Registry Number and Website This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875 (www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01174875). |
topic |
maternal feeding practices comprehensive feeding practices questionnaire (CFPQ) GUSTO Child BMI z-score bidirectional associations Asian cohort |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2019.00032/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-91a09c32247e480e96f0eac182cdbb092020-11-24T21:19:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2019-04-01610.3389/fnut.2019.00032435874Longitudinal Analysis Between Maternal Feeding Practices and Body Mass Index (BMI): A Study in Asian Singaporean PreschoolersPhaik Ling Quah0Jing Chun Ng1Lisa R. Fries2Mei Jun Chan3Izzuddin M. Aris4Izzuddin M. Aris5Yung Seng Lee6Yung Seng Lee7Yung Seng Lee8Fabian Yap9Fabian Yap10Fabian Yap11Keith M. Godfrey12Yap-Seng Chong13Yap-Seng Chong14Lynette P. Shek15Lynette P. Shek16Kok Hian Tan17Kok Hian Tan18Ciaran G. Forde19Ciaran G. Forde20Ciaran G. Forde21Mary F. F. Chong22Mary F. F. Chong23Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, SingaporeNestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, SwitzerlandSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeDivision of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, SingaporeDepartments of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SingaporeDuke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, SingaporeLee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeMedical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital, Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, United KingdomSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore0Divisions of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, SingaporeDuke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore1Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore2Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore3Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore4Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeBidirectional studies between maternal feeding practices with subsequent child weight are limited, with no studies in Asian populations. In longitudinal analyses, we assessed the directionality of the associations between maternal feeding practices and body mass index (BMI) in preschoolers. Participants were 428 mother child dyads from the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Toward healthy Outcomes) cohort. Feeding practices were assessed using the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) at age 5 y. Child BMI was measured at ages 4 and 6 y. BMI and maternal feeding practices subscales were transformed to SD scores and both directions of their associations examined with multivariable linear regression and pathway modeling. Higher BMI at age 4 was associated with lower encouragement of balance and variety (β = −0.33; 95%CI: −0.53, −0.13), lower pressure to eat (β = −0.49; −0.68, −0.29) and higher restriction (β = 1.10; 0.67, 1.52) at age 5, adjusting for confounders and baseline feeding practices at 3 years. In the reverse direction, only pressure and restriction at age 5 were associated with lower and higher child BMI at age 6 years, respectively. After the adjustment for baseline BMI at age 5, the association with pressure was attenuated to non-significance (β = 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03), while the association with restriction remained significant (β = 0.02; 0.002, 0.03). Overall, associations from child BMI to maternal restriction for weight control and pressure feeding practices was stronger than the association from these maternal feeding practices to child BMI (Wald's statistics = 24.3 and 19.5, respectively; p < 0.001). The strength and directionality suggests that the mothers in the Asian population were likely to adopt these feeding practices in response to their child's BMI, rather than the converse.Clinical Trial Registry Number and Website This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875 (www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01174875).https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2019.00032/fullmaternal feeding practicescomprehensive feeding practices questionnaire (CFPQ)GUSTOChild BMI z-scorebidirectional associationsAsian cohort |