Host-Microbiota Interactions in Ileum and Caecum of Pigs Divergent in Feed Efficiency Contribute to Nutrient Utilization
The composition of the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the digestion and utilization of nutrients and for gut health. Low-fiber diets stimulate digestion and absorption processes, predominantly in the upper region of the gastrointestinal tract, thereby increasing the conversion of f...
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doaj-91ed6dd8f6a647168ed8e389c20b6f482020-11-25T02:03:04ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-04-01856356310.3390/microorganisms8040563Host-Microbiota Interactions in Ileum and Caecum of Pigs Divergent in Feed Efficiency Contribute to Nutrient UtilizationHenry Reyer0Michael Oster1Ursula M. McCormack2Eduard Muráni3Gillian E. Gardiner4Siriluck Ponsuksili5Peadar G. Lawlor6Klaus Wimmers7Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyInstitute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyAnimal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Pig Development Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, IrelandInstitute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyDepartment of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Co. Waterford X91 K0EK, IrelandInstitute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyAnimal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Pig Development Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, IrelandInstitute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyThe composition of the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the digestion and utilization of nutrients and for gut health. Low-fiber diets stimulate digestion and absorption processes, predominantly in the upper region of the gastrointestinal tract, thereby increasing the conversion of feed into body weight. As a consequence, the chemical composition of digesta after duodenal and jejunal absorption processes and passage has a limited complexity affecting colonization and molecular profiles of enterocytes in the hind gut. To decipher ileal and caecal microbial ecosystems and host transcriptional profiles that are beneficial for effective use of the remaining nutrients, pigs differing in feeding efficiency were studied. Biological functions that were consistently enriched at both the gene and microbiota levels comprise immunity-related processes, which ensure the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, the differential abundance of certain genera, including <i>Rothia</i>, <i>Subdoligranulu</i>, <i>Leeia</i> and <i>Cellulosilyticum</i>, reflects the establishment of a microbial profile that supports the digestion of endogenously indigestible dietary components in highly feed-efficient pigs. Overall, the results indicate the potential to promote these beneficial functions and further improve feed efficiency through manipulation of dietary and probiotic strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/4/563residual feed intakegene expressioncaecumileum |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Henry Reyer Michael Oster Ursula M. McCormack Eduard Muráni Gillian E. Gardiner Siriluck Ponsuksili Peadar G. Lawlor Klaus Wimmers |
spellingShingle |
Henry Reyer Michael Oster Ursula M. McCormack Eduard Muráni Gillian E. Gardiner Siriluck Ponsuksili Peadar G. Lawlor Klaus Wimmers Host-Microbiota Interactions in Ileum and Caecum of Pigs Divergent in Feed Efficiency Contribute to Nutrient Utilization Microorganisms residual feed intake gene expression caecum ileum |
author_facet |
Henry Reyer Michael Oster Ursula M. McCormack Eduard Muráni Gillian E. Gardiner Siriluck Ponsuksili Peadar G. Lawlor Klaus Wimmers |
author_sort |
Henry Reyer |
title |
Host-Microbiota Interactions in Ileum and Caecum of Pigs Divergent in Feed Efficiency Contribute to Nutrient Utilization |
title_short |
Host-Microbiota Interactions in Ileum and Caecum of Pigs Divergent in Feed Efficiency Contribute to Nutrient Utilization |
title_full |
Host-Microbiota Interactions in Ileum and Caecum of Pigs Divergent in Feed Efficiency Contribute to Nutrient Utilization |
title_fullStr |
Host-Microbiota Interactions in Ileum and Caecum of Pigs Divergent in Feed Efficiency Contribute to Nutrient Utilization |
title_full_unstemmed |
Host-Microbiota Interactions in Ileum and Caecum of Pigs Divergent in Feed Efficiency Contribute to Nutrient Utilization |
title_sort |
host-microbiota interactions in ileum and caecum of pigs divergent in feed efficiency contribute to nutrient utilization |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Microorganisms |
issn |
2076-2607 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
The composition of the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the digestion and utilization of nutrients and for gut health. Low-fiber diets stimulate digestion and absorption processes, predominantly in the upper region of the gastrointestinal tract, thereby increasing the conversion of feed into body weight. As a consequence, the chemical composition of digesta after duodenal and jejunal absorption processes and passage has a limited complexity affecting colonization and molecular profiles of enterocytes in the hind gut. To decipher ileal and caecal microbial ecosystems and host transcriptional profiles that are beneficial for effective use of the remaining nutrients, pigs differing in feeding efficiency were studied. Biological functions that were consistently enriched at both the gene and microbiota levels comprise immunity-related processes, which ensure the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, the differential abundance of certain genera, including <i>Rothia</i>, <i>Subdoligranulu</i>, <i>Leeia</i> and <i>Cellulosilyticum</i>, reflects the establishment of a microbial profile that supports the digestion of endogenously indigestible dietary components in highly feed-efficient pigs. Overall, the results indicate the potential to promote these beneficial functions and further improve feed efficiency through manipulation of dietary and probiotic strategies. |
topic |
residual feed intake gene expression caecum ileum |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/4/563 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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